Laptop Device Hardware and Replacement

0:00All right, as we get started here, taking a look at various replaceable

0:04components for portable devices,

0:06a preface it by saying not everything is replaceable. Some laptops, for example

0:11, will have replaceable batteries or memory, and others won't.

0:15You just can't. Sometimes it's kind of baked into the machine. There's really

0:19not a way to replace those items.

0:21So we'll be kind of taking a look at a variety of different things, but we're

0:24going to be starting here.

0:25First of all, with batteries, I'm going to start with taking a look at a couple

0:29of the older batteries.

0:30These are not a big emphasis for us, I don't think, because you don't see them

0:35as much as we used to.

0:36Nevertheless, you could possibly still run into old devices like this.

0:40So let's take a look here at batteries. We're starting with the old ones here,

0:45and the old one like a nickel cadmium battery,

0:49or what we used to just call a nikad, nikad battery. These came out quite a

0:54long time ago, like in the 1960s.

0:56There's old as I am. Okay, and they went up into the 90s. I used to work with

1:01these a lot in different areas.

1:02It's not all in computing kind of stuff. A lot of rechargeable batteries for

1:09flash guns that we'd use in photography.

1:10Those were very often nickel cadmium or camera batteries were very often nickel

1:15cadmium or some variant thereof.

1:17So we've been using these in a lot of different types of devices, including,

1:21again, of course, laptop computers and other portable devices.

1:25But let's take a look at some of the advantages of these batteries first, even

1:29though we don't use them very often anymore.

1:31One of those would be they do pretty well in extreme temps.

1:34Here in Phoenix, Arizona, where I live, it can get to 115 in the summertime.

1:39Sometimes a little bit more.

1:40We like to pretend as if it's always that hot here and we're suffering all the

1:45time.

1:45Usually it's only two or three times a year. It's to be that hot.

1:48Otherwise, it's usually in 110 is a common temperature for summertime

1:53temperatures.

1:54So that's one extreme. The other extreme would be extreme cold temperatures.

1:58So it can do well in that as well.

2:00Relatively speaking, no battery really thrives in extreme high or low

2:05temperatures, regardless of the chemical makeup of the battery.

2:09And if it's too cold, by the way, but it gets to be pretty cold, the batteries

2:15will discharge much faster in colder temperatures.

2:17So as a photographer, I use that camera that I'm being on right now to do

2:22landscapes.

2:22And if I'm in really cold environments, like when you're I was up in Montana in

2:27the winter and that was extremely cold, I had to keep a couple of spare

2:31batteries for my camera in my chest pocket in my jacket to keep it from getting

2:36too cold and discharging.

2:38But it can also handle rough handling.

2:40So these kinds of batteries in again, that's going to partially depend on what

2:44it's clad in, what kind of what kind of casing it's in that encloses that

2:48battery.

2:49Usually there's some kind of plastic that's formed around it or something like

2:53that.

2:53So it's so could have something to do with that as well.

2:56Also, Nick Academy of batteries and ICAD usually charge fairly fast.

3:00And that's just relative to other types of batteries.

3:04They also will have a fairly long life cycle if they are maintained properly.

3:08So that's again, one reason why am I still seeing ICADs somewhere from time to

3:12time.

3:13They do have something called a memory effect.

3:15Now that is something that's quite an annoyance.

3:18Let me tell you how that works out.

3:19So let's just say that this is a battery and I'll just do kind of a D battery

3:24or something like that.

3:26You get the idea.

3:27It just represents a battery.

3:28But over time, it's going to discharge, right? So this is 100% charge.

3:35This is 0%.

3:36And as it's charged to 100%, maybe we use it.

3:41So now maybe we use it down to, let's just say to hear, let's say now it's at

3:4540% of it's available charge.

3:50At that point, we recharge it back up to 100%.

3:55Now what's going to happen is, especially if you do this multiple times,

3:59is it's going to remember that this is where it bottomed out, okay, when you

4:02started to charge it again.

4:04And so therefore, it's never going to give you this additional space down here.

4:07This all gets kind of wasted.

4:09Even when it's fully charged, it'll only discharge down to the 40% mark

4:14instead of going all the way down to 0.

4:16So that's the memory effect.

4:19There are chargers and methods that you can use to somewhat mitigate this.

4:24So for example, I've got chargers for this type of a battery that what they do

4:28is it's called reconditioning.

4:31And what it does is it, you know, for 100% here, or any percentage really,

4:36what it does is it completely discharges the battery on purpose down to 0% for

4:41that kind of a charger.

4:43And it can then kind of reset the memory effect so that 0 is truly 0, okay?

4:49Anyway, that's the memory effect. There's also toxicity.

4:52It's the cadmium that's the issue here in this chemical composition.

4:56Usually, I can't remember which one's which, but usually one of the chemical

4:59components

5:00is the positive, the other one's the negative.

5:03And that's how it flows the electricity or the power, the current through the

5:09battery.

5:09Well, the cadmium is kind of difficult to dispose of and difficult to recycle.

5:14Now, that's not something that we would do on our own.

5:17Anyway, we would take it somewhere and have a recycling center recycle it.

5:20But it's a challenge for them to be able to recycle that cadmium

5:24compared to certain other kinds of battery.

5:26So the other kind of battery that we'll talk about here is a nickel metal hydr

5:31ide or an NIMH.

5:33There's not really a nickname for this that I know of.

5:35This came out in the 1980s and into the 2000s.

5:39So you're probably more likely to see these.

5:41They do have some advantages.

5:43So they're 40% more energy density in this type of a battery.

5:49So in the same form factor, relatively speaking here, I'm not being scientific

5:53about this.

5:54The same form factor is this, if this is a nikad and this other one is a nickel

5:59metal hydride.

6:00In the same form factor, you're probably going to get 40% more out of this type

6:06of a battery

6:06than you would out of the same battery in a nikad.

6:09This can vary from manufacturer, the way it's processed, all that kind of stuff

6:13.

6:13But that's the general idea.

6:14Now these are also generally less toxic and therefore easier to recycle and/or

6:20dispose of.

6:21Disadvantages here.

6:23So all batteries will self-discharge.

6:26As the battery sits on the shelf, you might have a charge at 100%.

6:31And then over weeks and months of time, it'll slowly start to discharge, even

6:36if you're not really

6:37using it.

6:38And again, that's true of any battery, but it's more true of a nickel metal hy

6:42dride than certain other

6:43batteries.

6:44They also are known to have a somewhat shorter lifespan, again, compared to nik

6:49ads or lithium

6:50ion, which we'll talk about in our next video.

6:52They're also relatively heavy compared to nikad batteries.

6:56They just simply weigh more.

6:58So in our next video, we'll be talking about lithium ion batteries, which is

7:03kind of the common

0:00All right, as a follow on to the last video where we were talking about a

0:04couple of different older types of battery technologies. One of those was nik

0:07ads. And those are largely defunct. I don't think you'll see those very often

0:11anymore.

0:12But I also kind of alluded that nickel metal hydride batteries are also older

0:17and they are, but you do still see them. So for example, here, let me show you

0:23this is an entle loop battery. That's the brand.

0:25See it right there. You can get these off of Amazon or really kind of anywhere.

0:30A lot of people in photography use these. These are rechargeable double a

0:34batteries.

0:35I use them in my flash gun, my flash all the time. And wow, they're just

0:40fantastic. They will recycle the flash very, very quickly. And these do have,

0:48even though we mentioned that they do have self discharge in this kind of

0:50battery.

0:51Really all batteries do. I can have one of these charged and sitting on the

0:56shelf for months and still get most of the usefulness out of the energy in this

1:01battery.

1:02The statement is a lot of people say you can leave these on the shelf for a

1:06year and still have 90% of the battery life on this type of battery. So anyway,

1:12again, that was nickel metal hydride which I talked about in our last nugget. I

1:15just forgot to mention that particular kind of battery.

1:18Okay, so that's why I brought it up here. But now let's talk about new

1:21batteries. And with this, these are the kind that are going to be used most of

1:26the time in most devices.

1:28So this type of battery I just showed you, I would have to put that into a

1:32charger and then I could use it in any device that accepted double a batteries

1:37lithium ion batteries.

1:39I don't know they don't exist in that kind of a format but most of the time

1:43these are going to be integrated into a device like hearing aids, earbuds,

1:48headphones, tablets, phone, cell phones, laptop computers, all that kind of

1:53stuff.

1:54So these are very commonly used in all those lithium ion or lion, I guess if

1:57you want to say it, lion, I don't know.

2:00Anyway, these came out in the 90s and they're still current and these are the

2:04ones that you really want to be using. Some of the advantages for using a

2:09lithium ion battery will include that a fact that it has a very high energy

2:13density.

2:14Because of that, you can use laptops there that will have very long battery

2:19life. There's a lot of other factors that play into this, by the way. But I

2:24have a MacBook Pro, I think it's a 2019 or 2020 MacBook Pro.

2:30I can fly overseas with that MacBook Pro and not have the battery die. It lasts

2:37for hours, partially because of this battery technology, but also because of a

2:43little bit of a tangent here but in the MacBook Pros now last several years

2:48they used something called an ARM processor, advanced risk machine.

2:52So, I'm not going to spell it. Only three letters and I still must spell it,

2:57advanced risk machine. So, risk is reduced instruction set computing. I'm not

3:03going to write all that out.

3:04Okay, reduced instruction set computing. The basic idea is we'll talk more

3:07about this when we discuss processors later on in this course, but they, as the

3:13name implies, if you use fewer instructions, it's not all that simple but that

3:17's generally how it works out.

3:19They consume an amazingly smaller amount of power compared to other types of

3:24processors, like Intel processors. So anyway, the bottom line there is because

3:30of these types of processors in conjunction with using lithium ion batteries,

3:36we can get an extremely long battery life out of a lot of batteries nowadays.

3:41And by the way, the there's a variance of ARM that's also used in most mobile

3:46phones, tablets, stuff like that.

3:50They also do have a very low self discharge. So you can charge one of these

3:55like a laptop, for example, or tablet, you can charge it to 100% let's say, and

4:00then go weeks or even months without using that device and when you turn it on,

4:04it still has most of the charge.

4:06How much? Well, that varies from device to device. But if it was charged 100%

4:11you can use it for a long time after that and still get a pretty good, good a

4:16length of time out of that battery.

4:19Also, there's no memory effect, not directly anyway with lithium ion batteries.

4:23Remember we talked about that in our last nugget where you know this is your

4:26battery you're 100% here is your 0% here.

4:29And if you go all the way down to a certain percentage, let's say 40%, before

4:33you start to recharge it again, it remembers what you called it to be the

4:37bottom. In other words, it says to itself, if you will.

4:41If this guy charges the battery when it's got 40% charge left, we'll assume

4:45that that's actually 0 and therefore it will not drain to this 0% anymore.

4:51We don't have that memory effect with lithium ion batteries. Also, they have a

4:55high cycle rate. We didn't discuss that in our last video, but anything it's

5:00rechargeable can only be recharged a certain number of times before it will no

5:06longer hold a charge very well

5:08or before it dissipates its charge very, very quickly. But lithium ion

5:13batteries have a high cycle rate, meaning that you can usually recharge these,

5:19possibly 1000 of times without really having a significantly detrimental effect

5:25on the cycle rate or the overall life of that battery.

5:29Also, they do charge very quickly, relatively speak. Now, let's take a look at

5:34some disadvantages. There's not really all that significant, but one of those

5:38would be expense.

5:40So these kind of batteries are just more expensive to manufacture. So therefore

5:43, anything that they're in is also going to be a little bit more expensive

5:46because the battery is more expensive.

5:49They do have some thermal sensitivity. That's to put it lightly. So when I talk

5:54about this, I'm really talking about the fact that they can catch on fire. Okay

5:59.

5:59These batteries are by far the best batteries that we've had, at least to this

6:04point. However, there is a fire risk. That's why, you know, if you fly much,

6:09you'll see the question posed when check in and it'll say, do you have any

6:14battery power devices or something like that.

6:16In your checked luggage, because there's a concern that it could catch on fire.

6:22And when it does, it burns very hot. These batteries do. And they're very

6:26difficult to put out the fire because there's contributing energy in that

6:31battery.

6:32That's supplementing the energy of that fire or feeding it. So you can imagine

6:36if it was in a, the cargo hole of a plane where everyone's checked luggage is

6:40if something catches on fire down there.

6:43There's lots of fuel down there. There's other bags, there's plastics, other

6:46clothing, all kinds of stuff. And nobody might know that it had caught on fire

6:50because it's way down there.

6:52But if you carry it with you in the cabin, then at least if it were to catch on

6:55fire, there's someone there that can see it and hopefully suppress it or

6:59something.

7:00So what causes this kind of thing, by the way, where they could catch on fire,

7:04it could be either physical damage. You know, something might have gotten

7:08dropped, or maybe there's a crimp in the battery, or it's got a

7:12brake in the sealed housing of that battery or something like that. That could

7:16happen. The batteries could just be defective.

7:19Or one of the more common ways also is if they get overcharged. And with this,

7:25you just have to make sure that, especially if you buy a third party charger,

7:28that it has circuitry built into it.

7:32They can detect when a device is properly charged and then it will back off the

7:36charging. And then it's just kind of maintenance charging after that.

7:39But if it gets overcharged, that can certainly happen. Also, one of the things

7:43you can look for is some safety factors for, well, this kind of battery or

7:47really any kind of battery.

7:49So if you see a battery that is ruptured in any way or broken or is swollen,

7:54sometimes this is a precursor or a harbinger, if you will, to win a battery is

8:00about to have a major problem like that.

8:02If you see a battery that's a number one, unusually hot, that's a warning sign.

8:07Or if it swells, I don't really have anything to show you like that right now,

8:11but I'll show you some batteries inside of computers later on.

8:13But let's say this is one of the batteries. That's actually my little credit

8:17card holder for my phone. But anyway, if you see it start to swell, you know,

8:21like right now you notice that right across here it's completely flat.

8:24You'll see it start to bow or bulge out. And I've seen this before. That again

8:30is also a sign that that battery might not be safe, should be safely disposed

8:35of.

8:36I think I actually give this to us that here in a moment anyway. There's also

8:39calendar aging. So this just means that the capacity is going to degrade over

8:44time, even if you're not using that battery.

8:48But again, that's not that really big of an issue in my opinion that's just

8:51kind of one of the points that people make about this sometimes. The reason why

8:54it's not that big of an issue in my opinion is because how long do we keep

8:59devices.

9:00I've got an iPad I think I've had it for five years the battery is still great.

9:05Really have no issues with it I'm probably going to trade it in or sell it or

9:08something like that and buy a new one before long anyway.

9:12Same with phones. How long do we keep our phones. Most people will keep their

9:16phones two years maybe three. Very likely that lithium ion battery is going to

9:21be well within its lifetime for that two or three year lifetime that you keep

9:27that phone.

9:28So calendar aging may not be all that significant of an issue now mentioned

9:32earlier protection circuitry you do want to make sure that whatever you charge

9:37it with it either the manufacturer's original charger.

9:41Or that you buy a charging device that has internal circuitry that can protect

9:46that device so that it does not overcharge.

9:49Sometimes by the way that protection circuitry is found either in the charger

9:53itself or very often also could be in the device itself. So for my MacBook Pro

9:58I use a third party charger for it I don't use the apple one because the apple

10:03one's too big and bulky.

10:05On Amazon I got one for I think was $19 it's about half the size half the

10:10weight.

10:11It's got extra USB ports on it and it fully charges my MacBook Pro but the

10:15circuitry to prevent overcharging is actually inside of the MacBook not inside

10:19of that charger.

10:21And by the way speaking of MacBooks there's also something called optimized

10:25charging without getting to all details there.

10:28You know what actually I'm going to go get my MacBook and I'll show it to you.

10:32Okay, I'll show you something about that optimized charging so you can kind of

10:34put eyeballs.

10:35Okay, so here I'm just making a remote connection to my MacBook Pro I just I'm

10:36trying to learn another language so I've still got the dual lingo running you

10:42only get rid of that thing and go to the settings.

10:48Okay so actually a couple of ways we could do this get rid of some other noise

10:52here as well. The professional trainer would have cleaned all this up before

10:55started recording but you didn't get a professional trainer you got me.

10:59So anyway notice the charging up here I had it at a coffee shop earlier and I

11:04just now brought it in it was in my motorcycles storage saddle bag so anyway I

11:09just brought it in and plugged it in you can see there there's a little

11:14lightning bolt on it so it's charging.

11:15But if we click on that we'll see that it's at 58% and look at this it's kind

11:21of fuzzy because of resolution issues but it says it's going to be an hour and

11:2414 minutes until fully charged.

11:27Very often these can also defer a full charge based upon your habits. So it

11:34will notice what time you generally plug it in and this is something that I don

11:37't know all the intelligence that Apple uses for this.

11:40But it identifies your habits when you usually plug it in you know maybe plug

11:44it in before you get a bed at night and it can kind of identify that that's a

11:48good time to charge it.

11:50This would look like it's just going to continue to charge until it's fully

11:53charged although I don't think it's charging it 100% of its ability because an

11:57hour and 14 minutes is longer than I think it would normally take for it to get

12:02to that status of 100% from this stage.

12:06So anyway, here it also identifies my battery health. It says it's normal so

12:13that's good. I've had this laptop. I think four years now and it's still

12:16running along just great I used every day.

12:19I could choose to use low power mode. I'm not great environmentally friendly

12:23apparently but that's set to never right now.

12:26Just because I have to have it always at full power for some of the things that

12:30I'm doing. It shows the battery level over time. Notice that it knows also what

12:36hours it was being charged at.

12:38Okay so it's being charged. It doesn't go to the previous day there but from

12:42three to nine o'clock in the morning. Apparently I took it off the charger

12:45around nine o'clock this morning.

12:48Huh. Seems like I must have overslept or something. Anyway, I was at the coffee

12:52shop you saw a diminished a little bit of its charge clear up until now where

12:56it is again currently charging.

12:59You can also identify the last 10 days and how I've been using it over the last

13:03several days. Part of the reason why it also identifies screen on usage here is

13:09because that's one of the most energy draining things that your laptop will

13:15have.

13:15Everything consumes power the main board logic board if you want to call it

13:19that in the Mac ecosystem it's usually called the main board or more currently

13:23it's called usually the logic board on PC's we call it a motherboard

13:29but anyway those things will all take power because of the RAM that's connected

13:32to it the CPU that's connected to it graphics cards stuff like that but to

13:37power the monitor that's on there.

13:40That takes a lot of battery power requires a lot of juice that's why this is

13:44kind of monitored there. Other things we can do here as well as we can slightly

13:48dim the display when we're running on battery because again the display

13:52consumes a lot of juice.

13:54We can choose to prevent automatic sleeping when it's plugged in to the power

13:59adapter and the display is off we can wake for network access so that even if

14:04the computer is sleeping it can still be woken up with certain what we call a

14:09magic packet actually but

14:11it doesn't have to just be that type of a packet that's very often used to wake

14:18up network equipment and things like this servers things like that but with

14:26this it could be really any kind of incoming network traffic such as iCloud

14:26update so this means that this laptop could be asleep so to speak

14:28we can still get updates even though it's asleep. You can also zoomed out too

14:42fast but anyway you can also optimize video streaming while on battery and I

14:42usually don't do that but anyway those are some of the things we have with our

14:43batteries here.

14:43And then similarly I have a Lenovo laptop here this of course would be a

14:46Windows 11 computer and let me show you some details here about the battery on

14:51this one saw in a way so we move out of there.

14:54Here is I click on the taskbar area where the battery is, you can see there's a

14:59battery charging symbol right there.

15:02I click on that. So just shows us on the PC site PC side of things I can't talk

15:10today. Also what the battery has been doing lately now I just got this

15:12particular laptop it's been completely installed fresh and everything like that

15:16so there's not much to see here probably.

15:18But you see again that there's some things that can be done to extend the life

15:23of the battery. So battery saver says extend battery life by limiting some

15:27notifications and background activity at 20% but we can change that to some

15:32other percentage if we want to as well.

15:34We also lower screen brightness when we're on battery saver we can get a better

15:38view of our battery usage over time for example over the last day, last seven

15:42days which there won't be again an awful lot to see because I just got this I

15:46think a couple of days ago.

15:48And we can even see what kinds of things are consuming the most battery power

15:52with different applications for example that might be consuming that power so

15:57just another way to monitor and see what's going on with your battery

16:02consumption.

0:00All right, now here what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna take a part of a couple of

0:03different machines.

0:04These are just ones that I happen to have.

0:05And this first one that we're gonna look at here is a really old MacBook Pro.

0:12Can you remember what year? I think it was 2012 or something, so it's quite old

0:16.

0:16But the reason why I'm showing it to you is because there are some differences

0:19now with what is going on

0:20between MacBook Pros of this era compared to the newer ones.

0:25But you will still run into these, okay?

0:27So this is a MacBook Pro that I had that I gave it to a friend of mine

0:32and her husband spilled a glass of milk on it and ruined it, okay?

0:36So they're not married anymore.

0:39I don't know if it's because of this spilled milk or whatever it is.

0:41But anyway, I already took the screws off, okay, and full disclosure, I didn't

0:45take the screws off.

0:46I lost them all.

0:47And so now I'm just gonna take it apart.

0:49And this is gonna be kind of a little bit more traditional look at what my go

0:54on inside of a computer, okay?

0:56First of all, it's all dusty and everything.

0:58Who knows? There's probably dried milk in there somewhere.

1:01Two different things we can do about that. One of those would be, if you're

1:04properly grounded,

1:06you can use a little vacuum like this, okay?

1:09This has, actually, this is a blower.

1:12But some of them will allow you to have an attachment to use on the opposite

1:16side of this.

1:16Let me turn it off.

1:18It won't turn off. There it goes.

1:19So that you can use it as a vacuum or as a blower.

1:22I'm just using this one as a blower right now.

1:24But it's actually pretty high velocity.

1:27And I'm gonna use it to kind of clear out some of the dust here.

1:30That's always a good practice whenever you open up a case.

1:32Okay.

1:50So I blew off some of the old dust that was in there and stuff.

1:53It's not much of a factor with this computer because it's already blown anyway.

1:57It's already ruined.

1:58But what have we got?

2:00First of all, we've been talking about batteries and here is a battery.

2:04Now, this did have a couple of screws.

2:07Actually, there were three screws that would hold this into place.

2:10The first screw would have been right here.

2:13See that or not?

2:14Right about there.

2:17The next one would have been right about here, okay?

2:20And then there's another one right here on the far end right over there.

2:24Okay.

2:25So once those screws are taken out, then you can remove the battery.

2:29There is also a connector that connects to the logic board.

2:33I'm gonna pull that out and you can see there.

2:35It's just a little kind of a, it's not really a technically ribbon connector,

2:38I wouldn't say, but I guess you could call it that.

2:40And it has various pins in it that you used to connect it to the logic board.

2:47So if I recall correctly, I already replaced this battery once and it already

2:51kind of

2:51bailed and everything.

2:53And so this was actually a replacement battery and it's a third party battery.

2:58This says on here, it's kind of hard to see.

2:59So I'll just read it to you.

3:00It says lithium ion.

3:02Okay.

3:02So it's a lithium ion polymer battery.

3:05And this is how we very often used to be able to work on MacBook Pros.

3:11You could replace your own battery and you can't do that anymore.

3:15I'll show you that here coming up.

3:16Now in the interest of efficiency, since I've got this case open,

3:20I'm going to address some of the other things as well involved in this.

3:24And for that, I'm actually just going to come back over here and talk to you

3:27directly first.

3:27In this particular portion of the A plus exam objective,

3:33it talks about portable devices, of course.

3:35And it does discuss things like RAM, hard disk drive, solid state drives,

3:42batteries, wireless cards, sometimes I think there's biometrics in there,

3:47cameras, microphones, stuff like that.

3:50And he also speakers, actually let me look at the list.

3:53It doesn't mention speakers, but it probably should.

3:55It's mentioned in the next domain.

3:56But anyway, the point I'm making with all of that is we're going to be covering

4:00a lot of those topics

4:02later on in more detail.

4:03So for example, RAM, I'm not going to tell you all about RAM right now.

4:06It's random access memory.

4:08It's where your data is going to be when it's live, when you have a file open,

4:12it loads into RAM.

4:13When you open an application, it loads its executables and associated files

4:17into RAM.

4:18And the processor interacts with whatever is in that RAM.

4:22So that's kind of the short version.

4:25Like I said before, I'm not going to go into a lot of detail with that right

4:27now,

4:28other than to show you our main purpose here, which is to show you where you

4:32can identify

4:32some of these things on a portable device.

4:34And so with that in mind, oops, I'm on the wrong screen.

4:37That's actually the exam objectives right there.

4:39But we'll go back over here.

4:41Okay.

4:42So what have we got?

4:43This is the hard drive.

4:46This is literally a hard drive.

4:47Most laptops these days, most modern devices don't use hard drives anymore.

4:52For the most part, they're going to be using solid state drives.

4:54And in particular, probably NVMe solid state drives that are using what we call

5:01an M2 form

5:02factor.

5:02I'll talk about all of that again at a future point in time.

5:06But what I'm going to do here is just take this hard drive out.

5:09So you can see how this is normally done.

5:11There's way too small to show you even under magnification.

5:14But this is a Phillips head jeweler's screwdriver.

5:17Sometimes what you'll see these referred to as for an electronics screwdriver.

5:21They're readily available on Amazon, kind of just anywhere, hardware, stores,

5:25whatever.

5:26Anyway, I'm going to use that.

5:27Look, there's some milk residue right there.

5:29I hope this hard drive is not lactose intolerant.

5:33Anyway, so I'm going to unscrew the screws there.

5:36There's one of them.

5:37There's kind of obvious here, really.

5:39I can see four screws right on there.

5:41And I've taken this drive out before because I upgraded it shortly after I got

5:45this years

5:45and years ago.

5:46Anyway, going to release the third screw there.

5:50And then finally the fourth screw.

5:52As with many times, with many portable devices, I should say, the screws are

5:58extremely tiny.

5:59Oh, that one does not want to come out.

6:02The milk apparently became like Loctite in there and it really held on to it

6:05pretty good.

6:06So anyway, these screws, you can kind of see that one there, I think, right?

6:12That's actually a fairly sizable one.

6:13Oh, that does have Loctite on.

6:14I don't know if you can see that, but there's some blue.

6:16You better view there.

6:18Might not be visible, but there's some blue Loctite on there,

6:21which if you're not familiar with Loctite, it's used in a lot of different

6:24things.

6:25It's used in auto mechanics, construction, you know, electronics like this, all

6:29kinds of things where

6:31it's a liquid that you put onto a screw and it kind of holds it into place so

6:37it doesn't

6:37walk its way out over time.

6:39So vibration or tension or something like that doesn't cause that screw to kind

6:44of unwind,

6:45if you will.

6:45So, okay, that's it.

6:47Now I'm just going to take this out.

6:49It's got a ribbon connector right here.

6:50This is a serial ATA hard drive.

6:54I don't know if that's too visible or not.

6:55I have to look this way to see if you can see it or not, but that's a serial AT

6:59A connector on there.

7:00Again, we'll talk about that at a future point in time some more,

7:02but it used to be very, very common on laptops, okay, on desktops as well.

7:07But anyway, and then it would just connect to this ribbon cable here and then

7:10we would have

7:11underneath here, which is out of view, there'll be a connector into the logic

7:16board where that

7:17hard drive would ultimately be making its interface.

7:20So this is a, what is it, a one terabyte hard drive, which is actually pretty

7:26large for the

7:28age of this computer.

7:29This is back when we were getting hard drives that were closer to 512 megabytes

7:33.

7:33So pretty sizable.

7:35But by today's standards, this type of drive, very slow.

7:40That's why we don't really see them in modern computers anymore,

7:43desktops or laptop computers.

7:47Hard drives still have their place.

7:48They're very often used for archival storage, for example,

7:53but most modern devices, we don't use those anymore.

7:56Okay, what else have we got?

7:58Oh, this is a CD DVD drive.

8:00It's a little bit more involved to take out, but I could take that out as well.

8:04Although once again, that's another thing you don't ever see in modern

8:08computers,

8:09because nobody's using CDs or DVDs anymore.

8:12Another thing we see here are a couple of fans.

8:15We can see that there's milk right there on this fan right here.

8:19Oh, and it looks like right here.

8:21I'm not sure that I'm accurate on this, but right here, it looks like there was

8:25a little bit of an

8:26arc or something in there.

8:27It must have happened when the milk has spilled in there.

8:29But the next thing I really want to point out is this right here.

8:31This is memory or RAM, really.

8:34This is something called a small outline dual inline module memory module,

8:41small outline dual inline memory module or a so dim.

8:45I pull these tab connectors to the side up,

8:50like to the side, and it pops open.

8:55And then now this can pull out like this.

8:58And there's actually two dims, so dims in there.

9:02There's a, it's the kind of double stacked key wheel.

9:04There's this one that was on top, and then the one that was on the bottom there

9:07.

9:07Well, sure how many that is.

9:09Two gigabytes, okay.

9:10So there's two gigabytes on this one, and then there's two gigabytes on this

9:14one.

9:14So total of four gigabytes.

9:16Anyway, once again, as you'll see later on, on modern modern MacBooks, modern

9:23MacBooks,

9:24these are now integrated into the mainboard, into the logic board.

9:27So you can't just swap out memory on a laptop like this.

9:32If I decided four gigabytes wasn't enough, I can put two four gigabyte ones in,

9:36and I'd have eight or two eight gigabytes in, and then I'd have 16 or something

9:40like this.

9:40So I'm just going to go ahead and put these back right now.

9:42Notice that they are, they do have a offset slot right here,

9:48so that you can only put it in one way.

9:49You can't put it in backwards or sideways or upside down or whatever.

9:53If that could happen, I probably would do it.

9:56Anyway, go ahead and press that down.

9:59Again, with this one, stick it into the slot, press it in, and press it down,

10:04and it is now locked in the place.

10:07Here on this side, we see two cooling fans.

10:09Outside of our view here, probably underneath the other side of this logic

10:14board,

10:15is going to be the processor.

10:16It's also going to have the graphics card.

10:18Those do produce quite a bit of heat.

10:21And so these fans, I'm sure, are going to be cooling those components.

10:25But anyway, this is one of the older types.

10:27I'm going to go ahead and put this back together,

10:29and then I'll move on to one of the other types of laptops.

10:34So I'm just going to go ahead and finger tighten these.

10:37You don't have to get a torque wrench out or something like that,

10:40or be too scientific with it.

10:42Generally speaking, just finger tip tight.

10:45Just twist this until it's just finger tip tight.

10:48You don't want to really crank it down because these are small screws.

10:52Sometimes they will go into aluminum, or sometimes they'll even go into plastic

10:56.

10:56And if you over torque them, then it can strip out that screw,

11:00at least the screw socket where it goes in.

11:02All right, screw in that last one in, and we'll put the case cover back on.

11:08Here we go.

11:09And if I had any screws remaining, I would screw it in here.

11:13One thing I'll point out also while we're here is that,

11:18notice these feet that are on here?

11:19Sometimes those rubber feet that are here will fall off,

11:25and there's an adhesive usually that will keep them in place on the case.

11:30Some laptops will actually have a retaining screw underneath these feet.

11:35So in order to get to the screw, you have to pry these off of there,

11:37which I don't really like to do, because as you may be aware,

11:41once you release the adhesive on the other side of that,

11:44it's never as good anymore.

11:46And a lot of times it will not stick on there anymore.

11:48Oh, you know what I just realized?

11:49I never put the battery back in.

11:51See how good I am at A+ stuff, people?

11:53Let me show you another thing I've got here.

11:56This is a suction cup, and this one's not too hard.

11:59I could take it off my hand anyway, but this is actually a phone holder.

12:02As you can see, this is where the phone would go.

12:04This is what I just didn't use this in my car,

12:06but it's got a little locking mechanism here,

12:07which gives me really good suction on that suction cup.

12:10So some devices, you'll need to use a suction cup to pull off,

12:13and voila, that comes off quite nicely there.

12:16So let me just put this battery back in.

12:18And you put that back into that little ribbon connector.

12:22There would normally be screws, but I don't have any in this particular case,

12:25because again, it's kind of just an old, just fun to computer anyway.

12:28All right, now let's move on to a more modern MacBook.

12:32This is a model A2141.

12:38You can Google that if you want, but that is a 16-inch MacBook Pro

12:422019 model.

12:44Okay, so it's a few years old right now.

12:47Now this again is going to use a bunch of really tiny screws.

12:51Also, these are even smaller than the other screws I showed you.

12:55For sake of reference, maybe you can see it right there in the palm of my hand.

12:59Look how small that is.

13:00Those are so easy to lose, and yes, I've lost lots of them.

13:04I even ordered it on Amazon a spare set of these screws,

13:07because they just kind of go everywhere.

13:09Also, these don't use Phillips-head screws.

13:12These use what we call a Pentelobe.

13:15Pentel, as the name implies, Pentel meaning 5,

13:18it uses five points.

13:19That's not the same as Torx.

13:22Torx, we use six points in that kind of a star bit.

13:26Okay, this, we use 5, so you don't want to try to use a Torx on this.

13:31It's a special kind of a screwdriver that you will have to get.

13:35I happen to have one here, and that's what I would use to

13:39pull all the screws out.

13:40I did that all that in advance.

13:41But anyway, the two in the back here, right here on left and right,

13:46these two are a little bit longer.

13:49And those are where the exhaust is, where the fans blow the exhaust out.

13:54They're a little bit longer.

13:55Let me just put these up in comparison.

13:57There's a short one, a short one there, and a longer one.

14:01So the longer ones go in the back, the short ones are going to cover the rest

14:06of the screw holes there.

14:08Okay, so now this one's kind of a trick.

14:10So once you unscrew all of the screws, then you don't want to pull this up and

14:17bend it back.

14:18Okay, you don't want to bend it back this direction.

14:20Okay, it kind of looks like you should, but you shouldn't.

14:23That will bend the metal.

14:25What you do is you pull downwards this direction, like towards where I am.

14:29Okay, so I'm going to pull and it feels a little bit like you're doing it wrong

14:34,

14:34because there's some tension on there and just pull towards yourself.

14:37Sometimes it helps if you kind of pick it up like this.

14:40Oh, there we go.

14:42I don't know if you heard that kind of pop, but it came loose.

14:45I always feel like I'm about to break something, but that is how you do it.

14:49Anyway, now look at this thing.

14:51First of all, since we've been talking about batteries primarily,

14:53where is the battery on this thing?

14:55Well, it's considered a single battery, but it actually uses six different

15:01battery packs

15:02all connected in series on these MacBook Pros.

15:05Here's one, two, three, four, five, six.

15:08It uses six different battery packs, which are in their buy adhesive.

15:13They're not considered user serviceable.

15:15A Mac, or excuse me, an Apple service center might be able to replace these,

15:20but they're not generally considered user serviceable.

15:24Neither is pretty much anything else.

15:26You can replace the touchpad or the touch screen sensor thing.

15:32There's a way to get to that and remove that.

15:35You can replace these fans if one of those were to go out,

15:38but the RAM, you're not going to replace that or upgrade it.

15:43It's kind of baked into the logic board.

15:45Same is true of the processor.

15:47So that's just kind of how Apple does it now.

15:50And this just kind of helps to guarantee, at least for Apple,

15:55that people will buy more when they first buy the laptop.

15:59At least that's my philosophy on it.

16:01Because if I see a laptop now that has 32 gigs of RAM, let's say,

16:07but I think, oh, you know, it's probably enough for now,

16:10but what if I need 64 in the future?

16:12Well, you can't replace the memory modules.

16:14They're not user serviceable.

16:15It's kind of soldered, if you will, into the logic board.

16:18So I have to buy one now that is as upgradable, as upgraded,

16:25as I think it might ever possibly need at any point in the future.

16:29So it kind of forces you sometimes to overbuy possibly.

16:33Same is true of the main storage.

16:35So again, there's no hard drive in here.

16:37It's solid state storage, but it's all, again,

16:40soldered and integrated into the logic board.

16:43There's nothing I can do to upgrade that.

16:46So anyway, that's it.

16:47I mean, these are great laptops.

16:49I really love these MacBook Pros, but not a lot of serviceable components in

16:56them.

16:56Most TC based laptops are much more serviceable, which I'll show next.

17:01Actually, I'll save that for the next video,

17:03because I've probably gone a little bit too long on this one.

17:05So I'll save that one for the next video,

17:07and we'll see what the components are in a more modern, PC based laptop.

0:00All right, so now what I'm gonna do is go ahead and work on a PC based laptop

0:05This one's old Lenovo. It's a good machine really. It's even though it's I

0:09think five years old or so right now

0:10They were produced in oh

0:122019 and 2020 the specific model you can see it says property of CBT nuggets

0:17We have a pile of laptops and other devices like that. I just had them send me

0:21a pile of stuff

0:22I didn't tell them I was gonna take it apart and possibly destroy it, but hey

0:27They'll find out eventually right might be my last day on the job. Okay, so

0:31with this one

0:32I like it a lot because it's in some ways easier than taking apart the MacBooks

0:38Okay, the MacBooks have those tiny little screws are so easy to lose here

0:42We still have tiny little screws, but they're Phillips said you don't have to

0:46have a really weird, you know

0:47What I call a pentagram. No, not a pentagram

0:49The MacBooks are the anti-Christ of laptops what's it called?

0:55Pentelobe excuse me the pentelobe screwdrivers. This is just a small Phillips

1:01head screwdriver right here, and

1:02I'm just gonna unscrew all of these screws here. These are also captive screws,

1:07so I really like that

1:08So you can't lose it really okay, so I'm gonna unscrew each one of these

1:12I think there's one two three five or six of these you don't have to memorize

1:16that because you know each laptop's different

1:18Some will have I don't know five some will have seven or eight maybe something

1:22like that

1:22So anyway, I'm just unscrewing all of these

1:25Once you do that you may also need a

1:28Spudger you know, I'll show you that that's this kind of thing this one's

1:32actually I use that for cars actually

1:35We can use that for card trim and stuff like that, but it's same idea

1:38A lot of spudgers will have a hook on one end so that you can use it to move

1:43cables around inside of the case

1:44But they're plastic non-conductive

1:46So you don't want to have something metal for example touching other metal

1:50parts inside of the computer case

1:52Or electronic components, but it's usually thin on on at least one end if not

1:57both ends

1:58so you can use the pry in between

2:00plastic separators and parts and and separate tabs and stuff like that

2:05hopefully without damaging it sometimes it happens anyway because

2:09Well plastic can be brittle sometimes anyway

2:13If you don't have a spudger

2:15Which very often comes in electronic

2:20Repair kits and things like this again that you can order off of Amazon or

2:23something like that

2:23You can also use other things. I've seen people use credit cards. I've seen

2:28people use a guitar picks

2:31So it's kind of like whatever's handy. That's thin plastic non-conductive. You

2:36know go ahead and use it

2:36Anyway, I don't think I'm gonna need it in this case because did I do that one

2:40already? Yeah, because

2:42This should come off fairly easily. Let me show you another tip as well. This

2:47is a I can't remember my show you this already

2:49This is a actually a phone holder that I for my car, which I really never wound

2:53up using it

2:53I found it in a drawer never wound up using it for my phone

2:56But it does have a suction cup on it which sometimes that's handy as well

3:01So I'm gonna apply the suction cup right there and then that allows me to

3:05potentially

3:07Lift this cover off a little bit easier if I'm having any struggles with it.

3:11You know, I just realized I forgot

3:13There's a screw right in the middle. So I better do that one as well. Oh my

3:16goodness

3:18Can't walk and shoot them at the same time. That's kind of an old person saying

3:21that what it is. Okay, so now I

3:24Can put the suction cup on there and this helps it to just come off of there a

3:29little bit easier sometimes

3:30So again each

3:34Each laptop can be different, but in this case it might be helpful

3:38So let's take a look at what we've got going on inside of here and also again

3:43I could use our handy little dust blower here

3:46Wow, this is actually this thing's actually pretty powerful if I had hair

4:04I would show you how it could be on both of my hair

4:06As it is I could just shoot it in this year and it would come out this year.

4:10But anyhow

4:12What we got going on here? What can we replace? Okay, let's just kind of take

4:16the grand tour of what we've got in this particular laptop

4:19This is not entirely unique to Lenovo other

4:22PC based laptops will have a similar structure, but they're not all exactly the

4:27same

4:27So for example starting on the edge. This is a speaker. Okay. There's a wire

4:33here that goes across you can see down here

4:36Usually that's hooked into the battery a little bit better. It kind of must

4:39have come loose or something there

4:41Anyway, there's some tabs on the battery that help guide that particular wire

4:46Here is the other end along in the way and the other way

4:49Here's the other speaker on this side over here

4:52And you can also see that there are a few other things going on here like

4:57rubber bumpers

4:58There's some orange rubber bumpers right here. I'm assuming that's for

5:02Helping with shock and stuff like that

5:05Okay

5:06This whole thing right here is the battery

5:09It's a lithium ion battery. It says right there rechargeable lithium ion

5:13battery and I would expect that

5:14That's mostly what everybody's using nowadays

5:16and another thing to keep in mind is that

5:20If you it is serviceable you can replace this battery you can take it out and

5:26Put in a different battery

5:28But you should put in the same branded

5:30Little an oval battery. Okay, of course Lenovo recommends that I guess they

5:35want you to buy their batteries

5:37But it's also a good reason for that because

5:39One of the reasons why a lot of batteries blow up is poor quality control and

5:44that's why they may catch on fire

5:46So Lenovo wants to ensure that

5:48Quality batteries go back in that are under their their QC their quality

5:52control

5:53All right. Now how would I remove this battery? Okay. There are a few screws.

5:58There's one right here

5:59I think there's four yeah four total

6:02So again, it's just a phillips head screwdriver. Now. These are not captive

6:06So I'll put those in my little magnetic tray over here

6:08That went out take this one out by the way, uh, you may notice I'm wearing

6:13black gloves here

6:14Some people like to wear gloves when they work on this kind of stuff

6:17Uh, it might give them a little better grip

6:20Uh, you don't have to be as concerned about oh, you know if I you got hand lot

6:24ion on your hands or something like that or

6:26Or oils in your in your fingertips and stuff like that some electronics might

6:30be sensitive to that

6:31Nothing we're really going to be doing is going to be affected by that

6:35Right now, but nevertheless, I've got them on and

6:36Hold us closer the other reason why I'm wearing them is because

6:40Frankly, I need a manicure. Okay

6:42A manne in a petty

6:45Uh, but no, I've been I've been working on motorcycles and uh

6:48My hands can look better. So anyway, we're taking all this stuff out. You can

6:52go screws out

6:53And then there's another thing we have here. This is this is actually an ins

6:57ulating

6:57um

6:59piece of tape I guess you can call it and

7:02Uh, it's designed to protect the connector here. So if I take that off right

7:06now

7:06I actually want to tell you something before I take that up. Um, I forgot to

7:10mention this earlier

7:11In the bios

7:13On this computer, which I accessed by turning on the power and pressing f1

7:17I turned off

7:19The battery power

7:22For this battery. So in other words, this battery is not being used to charge

7:25Or to power this laptop right now

7:29Uh, it will reset and again start to use this battery as soon as I plug in this

7:34power cable

7:35Into the computer will automatically reset itself to again use the battery, but

7:40it was important to

7:41Uh, you know kind of disconnected at least in bios so that I wouldn't run into

7:46any electrical complications with this, right?

7:48So anyway, I can remove this piece of little tape. It's against called in some

7:54kind of an insulator

7:55Let me get my spudger and we get a lit get a lit

7:58Uh, we get a lift on that and then you can see down right here

8:03This is where the battery actually makes a connection to the motherboard

8:08Uh, this can just lift straight up actually, but it so it feels a little bit

8:12weird because

8:13It's kind of firm in there and there's not really a um

8:18Lever or anything like that to remove it. You just got to lift it straight up

8:22and boy

8:23It feels a little bit weird to do this feel like you're gonna break something

8:26Remember when I said that I might destroy this before I send it back to CBT n

8:29uggets?

8:30Well, there we go. Finally. So that came up. I again. I used my spudger tool

8:34to uh to assist with that and

8:37What else I guess that's it so now I can lift this battery out. I've taken all

8:42the screws out

8:42And I'm kind of also guiding off this this little uh wire that connects these

8:48two speakers on the side

8:50Notice that there are also some rubber foam pieces that are adhesively stuck

8:56onto this as well

8:57He came from the factory that way. Uh that will help with a number of things

9:01shock

9:02um

9:03Vibration so that this does not rub against the case

9:07Remember you don't want to damage the uh, the the

9:10The battery in any way because if it we can start to leak you could again catch

9:15on fire

9:15All that sort of stuff. So we want to avoid that. But anyway, if I bought a new

9:19one

9:19I remember if this was no longer useful and I bought a different one

9:22Uh, I would just have to remember to put these back on there in their

9:25relatively the same locations

9:27There are also these tabs. I hope you can see those. Yeah, there are some tabs

9:31right there. That's where the uh

9:33wire here for the speaker connections would connect to that and also

9:39It also has a place in here where it connects to the case. Okay, so well, we

9:44can see it but right about here

9:47There's there's another tab location there a couple of tab locations there that

9:51this can kind of rest into

9:52To make that connection. So anyway, that's what I would do if I needed to

9:56replace the battery simple enough

9:57Um other things I could release

10:00Uh removal on here. I could remove these speakers if I needed to

10:04Um, I don't know if you could see that but the little bumper there is in a

10:07little

10:08Little gap right there and it uh again helps to protect against shock and make

10:14it seat better into that

10:15This goes on these pegs that are over here

10:17I can get it on straight. I'll put that on

10:21There we go put that on

10:23And also I still need to uh route this

10:25Cable along the battery as well. I probably should have done that before I put

10:29these speakers back

10:30But anyway

10:31Because these my spudged tool to do that again as well. So I'm kind of snapping

10:35down this battery

10:37Onto the

10:38The tabs it's actually helps if I tilt it

10:41And go in this way. You might be able to hear it kind of clicking into place

10:44there

10:45There we go. Okay, so that looks pretty good

10:47Again, I'm gonna just route this using my little spudger

10:51I don't know if that's even an official term. That's just what we call it

10:54Maybe it's kind of slang for

10:56Eaky people

10:58All right, making it happen here. All right. I'm willing to consider that good

11:02enough. Okay. So once that's been done

11:04And let's say I just replaced this battery. I would just take this

11:07Connector once again and place it back down into its original location again

11:12You just got to snap it into place feels a little bit like you're gonna break

11:15it

11:16There we go. So that goes into place there with this little insulating piece

11:21back over it

11:21I don't know if this would really even make a difference if I forgot that or

11:24didn't put it back on

11:25But since that's how it came from the manufacturer

11:28I'll kind of honor their method. There we go. Okay, so that's one thing who

11:33could be replaced now. What else?

11:34Let's go over here. What is this thing right here? That is my Wi-Fi card. Okay,

11:40now

11:40You can probably see here. Let me see if I can move this closer. There's a

11:44couple of leads right there

11:45Those actually go to the antenna and I don't really honestly know where they go

11:50entirely

11:51But a lot of times they will go into the lid

11:54The lid of the monitor and then that circumference of the monitor

11:59Becomes kind of a big antenna. So that's a lot of times where those would go

12:04All right. Anyway to replace that it would be very similar to what I would do

12:08with some other things

12:09I would just unscrew the one screw that's on here and again

12:12Some laptops may have this integrated directly into the motherboard and you won

12:17't be able to replace it many of them though

12:19I think you probably will be able to

12:21Set that screw aside as well

12:24And then all we'd have to do here is to pull this out. Okay out of this little

12:29socket

12:30You can get a little bit of a grip on this and pull it out this way

12:34And now you can kind of see

12:36That it's notched so you can only put it in one way you can't put it in

12:40No upside down backwards or sideways or something like that

12:43And if I needed to replace it, I would simply just do that. Okay, so then I'll

12:48just put it back

12:49I'll press it back into the location where I removed it from

12:52Okay

12:53And then put the screw back in and that's pretty much it. So that's pretty

12:57easily replaceable

12:59Part this this Wi-Fi adapter. It's integrated

13:03That's really not integrated in the motherboard, but that's attached to

13:06A specific slot on the motherboard. Okay, so let's screw that back in again all

13:12of these screws that we use

13:13for

13:16All these components that we're doing here and including in case finger tip

13:19type, you know, you don't need to you know

13:21Hand tighten it real quick. You're likely to strip something out remember a lot

13:26of this

13:27Actually threads into plastic as well

13:29So very easy to strip some of this out. Okay, what else we got? So let's go

13:34back to batteries

13:35This right here is a battery. I'm gonna put it somewhere on this page that you

13:39're looking at

13:40Look look for this if you want but there's a discussion about coin batteries.

13:44This is a coin battery

13:45That's under here. It's underneath this little plastic

13:47Looks like almost shrink wrap, but anyway, it's not that but it's this black

13:51thing

13:52Uh, this is a 2016 I think so 20 means

13:5720 millimeters in diameter so from

13:59So from here to here and then it's a 1.6 millimeters in thickness

14:06Another one that's very common but more common on desktop computers would be a

14:122032

14:13So i'll be 20 millimeters across and 3.2 millimeters in thickness. Okay, and

14:19there's a few others as well

14:21They're the same kind of coin batteries are used for

14:24Broad's door openers and all kind of other stuff. Okay. What else could we

14:29replace here?

14:30Uh, let's take a look here at these fans these fans can also be replaced

14:35So if there's been a problem with them you can do that uh this right here this

14:38little winding

14:39Kind of thing that we see right here

14:42Uh, this is a cooling

14:44System that's used to help cool things like the graphics card and the CPU

14:49We don't have the CPU and view from where we are right here

14:52We'd have to be on the other side of the motherboard to see that and it's not

14:56really user serviceable

14:57Anyway in most cases at least not easily all right

15:01Other things we could do uh, so we've got memory

15:05Grabbing the wrong thing. Okay, we've got memory here

15:08Except there is no memory there. Okay. Uh, I could put another memory module in

15:12here a so dim in that one

15:15Remember a so dim is a single outline dual

15:18inline memory module so dim

15:22And uh, that's also what my teachers called me in grade school. So dim anyway,

15:26uh, this is uh, this is

15:28Uh, the memory module that we have in this computer

15:31Uh, if it's not enough, I can't remember how big this one is, but if it's not

15:34enough

15:34I could easily just add another one over here. You do have to match this but

15:38the specs exactly the same speed

15:41Helps if they're the same manufacturer everything. Okay, because otherwise you

15:45can run into some problems with that

15:47But that's a fuller discussion. We'll discuss more when we talk specifically

15:51about ram in the future

15:53Anyway, to release this I just push these tabs and I think you saw me do that

15:57on maybe that other macbook

15:59Uh, very very similar to that, but just release those and now here it is

16:03Okay, you can see again

16:05It's got offset an offset tab or a notch there in the middle

16:09And uh, that prevents me from installing it and properly how big is this one? I

16:14haven't even run look

16:1516 gigabytes just not very big

16:17Um, I don't even buy any laptops anymore unless they're at least 32

16:21But if I wanted to buy another 16 gigabyte one, I could put it in this empty

16:26slot right over here

16:27And then we would have plenty of room

16:30Uh plenty of memory now the only is

16:32You can't always just decide to put this wherever you want to I can't just say

16:36well

16:36I think I'll put it over here this time just for fun

16:38Uh normally and this is true of most motherboards. There's a specific

16:43Order of memory slots

16:45That you have to populate it in okay. We can't just randomly choose something

16:50Okay, a lot of that has to do with there there are certain pairs that have to

16:55be honored

16:55But we'll get to that later on when we talk more about memory. Okay, so to put

16:59this back in you simply press

17:01Press down into it and then press down on top of this and the the notches that

17:07we're on the side

17:08Automatically go back into place and we're done

17:10way then something like this

17:11Next thing we could replace here would be this right here. This is my main

17:15storage

17:16So remember in that macbook pro I took apart in the last nugget

17:19Uh, it had a physical hard drive

17:22Uh spinning platters in it so that's a smaller form factor a two and a half

17:27inch drive

17:28But spinning platters are slow

17:31Um and not only that but they're also slow. Okay. They're also heavier by the

17:40This is substantially faster and much lighter

17:43That's a big selling point with laptops every laptop manufacturer want the brag

17:48about how light their laptops are how easy they are to just

17:52throw in the backpack and

17:54Order out like a frisbee or something. I don't know. Anyway, so i'm going to

17:57take this out

17:58Uh, we'll talk more in a fuller discussion about this kind of memory

18:02This is uh an m2 form factor m.2

18:07And the kind of memory it is as s s s s s d solid state drive

18:12And it's a specific kind known as nvme which is very very fast

18:16So i'm going to unscrew this little screw right here that which just retains it

18:20into into its place

18:21Pull that out and then this again is very similar to the ram

18:25Uh, you can just kind of pull it out of the slot

18:28This direction

18:30As you can see here

18:32Once again, it's not in just a such a certain way that I cannot install it

18:36improperly

18:37Uh, how big is this?

18:39What say on there?

18:41Gotta say on here somewhere. Let me get my old man magnifying glass out here

18:44Oh, there it is

18:46Five it's right next to that QR code 512 gigabytes. You can probably see that

18:51500 and 12 gigabytes

18:53That's not very big uh by modern standards

18:56Um, once again

18:58I wouldn't buy any laptop with less than a gig with it less than a terabyte

19:02In it, okay

19:03So but again, this is a five-year-old laptop. So all right. Anyway, i'll go and

19:06put that back in

19:07Notice that we do have a slot

19:10For an additional one if we wanted right here under this yellow tape

19:13So if I wanted to put a different new one in I could just pull this back

19:17And then I would install it there sometimes this may be adhesive. I don't know.

19:20I guess I can touch it

19:21That's it's a little tacky

19:24um

19:25and

19:26sometimes these will

19:28uh rest on a kind of a tacky surface not a full

19:31You know like really strong tape but something like a tacky surface like that

19:36or

19:36Sometimes it'll be on some kind of a cushioned

19:38Cushion surface as well. All right. Let me go ahead and put the screw back in

19:43It's hard to see a black screw on black gloves. Where is it? All right, and

19:47then i'll put this uh screw back in to retain

19:50this

19:52Storage when in place. All right. So that's pretty much it for

19:57most of the field replaceable parts that we have here. I'm going to put the

20:01screws back in for the

20:02uh for the battery. Oh, I should point something out as well. I don't know if

20:06you can see that

20:07Let me get a couple of these screws out

20:09So yeah, oops. I just dropped one. I hate it when I do that. Where'd it go?

20:13Ah

20:14Oh, here it is

20:15All right there

20:17A magnetic screwdriver. There we go. Okay. So

20:19What I wanted to point out was these are actually slightly different in size

20:23I don't know if you can see that but one is a little bit longer

20:27than the other one and

20:29You wouldn't really know

20:30If you didn't keep track of it, which one went into which one of these holes

20:35uh most uh laptops these days you can't go to the support pages

20:40and get like a

20:43service manual for the laptop

20:46I actually looked that up

20:48Uh because I wasn't sure which one it went in and it tells me that uh, I think

20:52these shorter ones are four millimeters

20:54And they go on the outside

20:56Like there and there and these two inside ones are six millimeter screws

21:00So there's are the longer ones and that's where they go

21:03Right. So you do want to make sure that you don't do that incorrectly because

21:08especially in

21:10Really tight spaces like what you see in a laptop

21:12If you put a screw in that's too long

21:15It could poke through and damage something on the other side of this

21:19motherboard

21:21So you gotta not be too haphazard with that. Don't ask me how I know about that

21:25. Okay. All right put it in the last screw right here

21:28That's pretty much it for that part of things. Next thing I need to do is just

21:33replace the

21:33The case the the back case for this particular laptop

21:38I don't know if you can see it probably can there are tabs here

21:42So those have to be placed into the case here

21:47Those kind of set it into place properly

21:49And then I try to lay it down evenly

21:52And make sure that the screw holes are all lined up that there's no one usual

21:57gaps or bulges

21:57Um, you know, the bulge might mean that I actually left something in there

22:02The uh a tool or something like that

22:05Or it could mean that it's not lined up properly or that something it's inside

22:09of there is not installed properly

22:10Uh, and then the next thing I do this is true of lots of different kinds of

22:14things in mechanics

22:15And with this sort of thing as well

22:17Is you want to do as much as you can have like a star pattern?

22:21Okay, you don't want to tighten them all just tighten this one and tighten this

22:24one then tighten this one

22:25Uh, it just lines up a little bit better and it torques a little bit better if

22:29you can

22:30Screw these down

22:33In a kind of a diagonal or star shaped pattern

22:36So I started at this upper left corner

22:39So the closest I can get to the lower right would be probably this one over

22:42here

22:42There's not one really clear down here. So let's go to this one and that's

22:45pretty good there

22:46Screwing that down again fingertip tight doesn't have to be super tight

22:50Uh, I don't know if you saw but a lot of these screws will have a Loctite on

22:54them

22:54It's tiny a little bit of blue a Loctite

22:57Let me go to this diagonal this time. I guess and so I don't know if you can

23:01hear that

23:01But you can also hear some tabs

23:04Setting into place when I'd screwed that down

23:07Down here now. I guess right that's good. And one right here in the middle

23:12All right, that's in place and then this one and then after that, I think I

23:16have one more

23:16One more right here. There we go. All right

23:20And uh, that's it. So this laptop would now be ready

23:24to be put back in the service

23:27Like I said, I need to plug the power in which will auto also automatically

23:32Reset the bios so that it can recognize the battery again

23:36And then it should boot up just fine

23:39And now you can see I have successfully turned on this computer

23:42We get a little desktop going right here

23:45So we do have success in properly booting up this computer after we put it back

23:50together by some miracle

23:51I did not destroy this laptop