Create a Juniper Automation Lab

0:12Hey, everyone.

0:13And welcome to this brand new course

0:15here on CBT Nuggets, all around the concepts behind Juniper

0:20Network Automation.

0:22So we have a lot of really cool things

0:24that we have planned within this course.

0:26But this very first skill is all going

0:29to be focused around getting you up and running

0:32with a development environment so that you can write

0:35and execute your automation scripts,

0:38as well as how you can actually set up a particular lab

0:41environment to test out these configurations.

0:45So this means we're going to have

0:46to look at some type of virtualization solutions.

0:49We're going to have to look at particular ways

0:51we can emulate networking devices,

0:54as well as talk through some of the basics we need

0:57to actually write our scripts.

0:59This would be things such as an IED.

1:02Now, we'll get to see what that looks like very, very shortly.

1:05But before we even get to any of that,

1:08I figured the best thing to do to introduce

1:10this course is to talk a little bit about network automation,

1:14and what it is we are actually trying to achieve

1:17by learning these new skills.

1:19So if you happen to be managing networking

1:21devices in the traditional sense,

1:24this would be using the good old CLI, that

1:26is the command line interface.

1:28Typically the way you would manage your networks--

1:31if you happen to be over here, let's imagine

1:33this is your management station whereby you are logging in.

1:36Typically you're going to log in remotely to your target device.

1:40Let's say, for example, this node right here.

1:43And typically you would use some type

1:45of protocol such as SSH for the connectivity.

1:48And from that point on, with this connection established,

1:52you can know issue commands to that device

1:56remotely where they are applied to the actual configuration.

1:59Now, network engineers kind of figured out

2:02that this is not the most scalable way

2:04to manage networks.

2:05Networks, after all, are getting more complex.

2:08We have all these new virtualization technologies,

2:11we have underlay and overlays.

2:13And the amount of nodes within the network

2:15just seem to be growing and growing,

2:17especially when you begin to deal

2:18in the hyperscale environments and these very large data

2:22centers such as Google data centers or Amazon data centers,

2:26whatever it may be.

2:27So if we do want to implement these type

2:29of large configuration changes across many, many devices,

2:32the bottleneck now is not quite so much

2:35the latency across the actual connection to the device,

2:39the bottleneck, sadly, is as humans.

2:42When we want to be typing all of these commands

2:45over and over and over again, we end up

2:48repeating ourselves very often.

2:50Say, for example, you wanted to type some basic NTP

2:53configuration on a device.

2:55So you issue that command to this device,

2:57you then log into the next one, and you issue again,

3:00log in to the next one, issue again, so on and so forth.

3:04Clearly this is going to take a lot of time, which

3:07might mean that the actual configuration change is limited

3:10to a very particular change window.

3:13Say, for example, we're only allowed

3:15to make actual configuration changes

3:17between the hours of 12:00 AM and 6:00 AM before anyone

3:22actually happens to be in an office, for example,

3:24in using the network that we happen to be supporting.

3:27That just makes our lives much, much more difficult.

3:30Now, you may have used the old school automation solution.

3:34And I say that with tongue in cheek.

3:36And that is the well known technique

3:38of network engineers to utilize things such as Notepad.

3:41Basically repeatable configurations

3:43that you are going to apply, you type into a little text file.

3:47And then you Log in, and you Paste it into a device.

3:50Login into the next, Paste it, Log in, and Paste,

3:53and so on and so forth.

3:55Now, again, I suppose this is a little bit better than having

3:58to hand type the same commands.

4:00One of the things that it does eliminate

4:02is that it can help eliminate the fat fingering

4:06of a configuration.

4:07You know the way when you keep typing in the same commands

4:10over and over again, well, quite easily

4:12the very problem of human error comes into play.

4:16And we can actually mistype a command,

4:18and in effect misconfigure the actual device.

4:22And, again, as you scale this problem up,

4:25the more devices you have to connect to, the more likely

4:28this is to eventually happen.

4:30So at least the Notepad solution in some respect

4:34allows you to write the configurations into a text

4:37file, check it to make sure that's OK.

4:39And every time you happen to paste in that configuration,

4:43you're going to be pasting in the exact same configs

4:46to every single device.

4:47So that is a simple solution to the problem of repeatability.

4:51But, again, this is not scalable.

4:54If you happen to have, say, 10,000 devices,

4:57think how long that is going to take you to do that.

4:59Realistically this is not a feasible solution

5:03for that type of scale.

5:05Similarly, what if you wanted to type

5:08in very similar configurations to all devices

5:11but with slight modifications?

5:13Let's maybe say you always wanted to log into a device,

5:17set a hostname name for each device,

5:19and then configure the same DNS server for every single device.

5:23Well, the host name for every single device

5:27is going to be different.

5:28But you couldn't just type all of that into Notepad and just

5:31blindly copy and paste the same config into each device

5:35because then each device will have

5:37the exact same configuration.

5:38This is not a desired effect.

5:40Luckily, in the modern world of network automation,

5:43these types of solutions are actually very easily solvable.

5:47And they're going to be solved primarily by the Python

5:50programming language.

5:52Now, you can use other programming language,

5:54but Python, by far and away, is the most popular and dominant

5:59programming language in the world of network automation

6:01today.

6:02So this is primarily going to be our focus.

6:05But understand that when we happen to use this programming

6:08language, we're going to really help

6:10reduce the problems of human error

6:12that is mistyping configurations, whatever

6:15it may be.

6:16We're going to be able to easily substitute

6:18in variable values for particular pieces

6:21of configuration.

6:22We'll also be able to test our network more vigorously

6:25by being able to connect to all our devices at the same time.

6:28And maybe say, for example testing,

6:30that we have the correct amount of BGP peerings

6:33that we expect for each device, whatever it may be.

6:35We'll also be able to quickly deploy

6:38mass changes across many devices at the same time.

6:42And when I say the same time, I mean with concurrency literary,

6:45we're going to be able to modify all the devices together

6:49at once as opposed to logging into one,

6:52logging out, logging into the next,

6:54logging out, and back into the next, so on and so forth.

6:56So this means our change windows get much, much shorter.

7:00Our changes are much more stable and reliable and predictable

7:04because they are repeatable.

7:06And we are more easily able to test our network,

7:08as well as to repair it our network

7:11by being able to roll back erroneous configurations back

7:14to a healthy network state.

7:16And, again, being able to roll back

7:18thousands of devices within seconds

7:21is a really going to be very, very beneficial for you

7:24as a network administrator or engineer.

7:27Now, the Juniper platform happens

7:29to be one of the very best platforms for network

7:32automation out there.

7:33In fact, these features such as a rolling turnback

7:36configurations is a core functionality

7:38of the Junos operating system.

7:41So realistically Junos has been way ahead

7:43of the curve of many of these rival networking vendors,

7:47such as Cisco, when it comes to being automation friendly.

7:51Junos also is able to give us structured data

7:54directly from the device itself, which

7:57makes it extremely powerful when you want to introduce

8:01programmatic logic.

8:02Now, if you're not familiar with structured data

8:05or working with data in a programmatic way,

8:07certainly do not worry about that at all right now.

8:10Trust me, we're going to get many, many examples of using

8:13this type of structured data, and you are definitely

8:16going to see the power of this feature.

8:19So, really, there are far too many benefits

8:21of network automation to just fit into one single Nugget.

8:25Instead, the benefits should be gradually

8:27and continually revealing themselves

8:30as you progress throughout this course.

8:32But as a high level overview, being

8:34able to automate your network is going

8:36to allow you to manage your networks more securely.

8:39With greater stability, you'll be

8:40able to deploy changes faster.

8:43And it's going to really help you collaborate

8:46with the other members of your team

8:48in pushing out complex network configurations.

8:51So all of this sounds quite exciting, indeed it is.

8:54So how about we began building our environments

8:57so that we can begin practicing and testing

9:00all of these techniques?

9:01So the very first thing that we have to talk about

9:03is the concept of virtualization.

9:05And, well, that's what we're talking

9:07about in the very next Nugget.

9:09So I hope this has been informative for you,

9:11and I'd like to thank you for viewing.

0:00[AUDIO LOGO]

0:11Hey, everyone, and welcome back.

0:15Now, in the previous Nugget, we talked

0:16about the general benefits of network automation.

0:20Now, in order to begin learning these concepts, what

0:24we want to be able to do is to build a particular lab

0:26environment.

0:27Now, this lab environment is going

0:30to require that we employ virtualization.

0:33So realistically, we want to be able to test

0:35our automated configurations against virtual devices.

0:39And these virtual devices are ultimately

0:42going to be living within a virtual machine, at least

0:45in the setup that I'm going to recommend.

0:48So in order to be able to run virtual machines,

0:51we need to actually have some type of virtualization

0:53technology that is going to allow us to do just that.

0:57Now, we do have a few options available to us

0:59that we can use.

1:00One option is VirtualBox by Oracle.

1:04Now, I have used VirtualBox before.

1:06But it is, at least in my opinion,

1:09not quite as good for our use case as VMware.

1:12But again, this is just my own personal preference.

1:15But I'm going to recommend to you that you

1:18happen to utilize VMware.

1:20So this exactly what I'm going to search for right now.

1:23So if you happen to search for VMware,

1:25we're going to see some different options here

1:28available to us.

1:29If you happen to be utilizing an Apple Mac computer,

1:32the version you would want to get would be Fusion.

1:34Fusion is VMware's solution for that platform,

1:38whereas if you happen to be using Linux or Windows,

1:42we want to be utilizing the Workstation.

1:45Now, the Workstation Pro happens to be

1:47the more advanced product.

1:48It has a few more additional features.

1:51However, this happens to be a paid solution.

1:53You're going to have to buy a subscription

1:55to be able to access and use this software.

1:58Instead, what I'm going to recommend you do,

2:01if you would rather not pay for the virtualization solution,

2:04is to download Workstation Player

2:07if you're on Windows or Linux.

2:09All we would do here is if I click this link here,

2:12we can see indeed this is for your Windows

2:14machine or your Linux PC.

2:16And that is a free download.

2:18So if you just click this link here--

2:20and let me just zoom in a little bit.

2:22If you Go to Downloads right here-- and then depending

2:25if you happen to be on Windows, you

2:28would select this option here.

2:30And if you happen to be on Linux,

2:32you would select this option right here.

2:34Now, I already have VMware installed on my Windows machine

2:38right now.

2:39But again, if you don't, just click Download.

2:41And the download should begin.

2:43Now, to install VMware, you simply open up the program.

2:47And just follow the installation prompts.

2:49But like I say, I have VMware up and running.

2:52So I will just stop this right now.

2:54Now, once we have VMware, we want

2:56to have some type of software that

2:58is going to allow us to build network topologies

3:01in a virtual machine.

3:02Now, again, we do have different options available to us.

3:05We have something called GNS3.

3:08This is a great solution for network emulation

3:11but also is a new solution out on the horizon

3:14called Containerlab.

3:16However, this is driven towards container images as opposed

3:20to virtual images.

3:21And whilst it is probably the best solution when

3:24you want to quickly spin up automated labs,

3:27I think the easiest to use, thus the lowest barrier of entry

3:31for us, is to use the very good software known as EVE-NG.

3:36So let us get that download then.

3:38So what I will do is go back to Google.

3:40And if you just search for EVE-NG,

3:42click the top link here.

3:44Now, again, EVE-NG has a paid version as well as

3:48a free version.

3:49The paid version is the Professional Edition.

3:51This, as you would expect, gets you some extra features.

3:55But honestly, they are not necessarily for our purposes

3:58right here.

3:59So if you want to go ahead and get the Professional

4:01Edition absolutely, that is your choice.

4:04But I'm just going to recommend for our purposes

4:06that the Community Edition, which is the free version,

4:09is all we need.

4:10So if I go up to Download here at the very top of the screen--

4:13let me just zoom in so you see it better-- click this here.

4:16Now we can see all of these options.

4:18I'm going to choose Free EVE Community Edition.

4:21You can install the ISO file.

4:24But to make things as easy as possible,

4:26I'm going to recommend you choose the OVF file.

4:29Now, we have two different sources whereby

4:32we can install this image.

4:34We can get it from the MEGA mirror or the Google mirror.

4:37So either one which you happen to choose,

4:39whatever happens to be fastest is A-OK.

4:41Let me just click on, say, for example, the Google mirror.

4:44So it says here, this is too large for Google

4:47to scan for viruses.

4:48I'm going to elect to just download this anyways.

4:51So if I click this here, now the download is going to progress.

4:55Now, this happens to be a zipped file.

4:58So once this download completes, what you'll want to do

5:00is to unzip this and extract the contents

5:03of this particular file.

5:05And again, I have already done so.

5:07So if I just stop this right here--

5:08and here is the compressed file right here.

5:11Once I extract it, I have this folder.

5:13I can go in here and again click in.

5:16This particular file here, this open virtualization format

5:20package, this is the file that we want to use with VMware.

5:25OK, great.

5:25So assuming you have followed the prompt for VMware,

5:29once you open it up, you should see this type of interface.

5:33Now, I already have an EVE-NG machine created

5:35for my labbing purposes.

5:37But I actually will walk through the creation of a new one.

5:40So what I will do here is I'm just going

5:42to open a virtual machine.

5:44I'll click Open here.

5:45And I will go in the same directory.

5:47And I will get this OVF file.

5:51So I'll click this here and choose Open.

5:53So now what I need to do is to give

5:55a name for my virtual machine.

5:57So I'll just call this NEWEVETEST.

6:00And now you can specify whereabouts

6:02you actually want to store this particular virtual machine.

6:05So I will just leave at the default settings.

6:08And choose Import.

6:10This is going to import this virtual machine right here.

6:13And just give this a little bit of time.

6:15OK, so now the virtual machine has been imported.

6:19What I will now do is select Edit virtual machine settings.

6:22And if you want to allocate more memory

6:25to this particular virtual machine,

6:27if you happen to be running larger labs,

6:29all you can do here is just scroll

6:31this up and down as you need.

6:34Now we'll just leave it at around 8 gig.

6:36That is enough for right now.

6:37And I'm going to leave my network adapter

6:39at the bridged connection.

6:41So if I just say, OK, now I just click Play

6:45to play the virtual machine.

6:46The virtual machine shall begin loading up.

6:49And we're going to have to do some very basic configurations

6:51to get our machine up and running.

6:53OK, so I'm now presented with a login screen.

6:56I'm going to say the login is the word root.

6:59And the password is the word eve--

7:01e-v-e in lowercase letters.

7:04Hit Enter.

7:05Now we're going to have to type the root password again.

7:07I'll just say eve.

7:08Hit Enter.

7:09And repeat it.

7:10Hit Enter.

7:11I will just leave the hostname as eve-ng.

7:13Just hit Return.

7:14And I will do Return again.

7:16And I want to have a DHCP connection.

7:19So I'll just hit Return again.

7:20Do I have an NTP server?

7:22I'm just going to leave that blank.

7:23Return home again.

7:24And I'm going to have a direct connection.

7:26So just Return again.

7:28And now the machine should begin loading.

7:30So just give this maybe a minute or two.

7:33Now this is giving me the IP address of 192.168.4.58.

7:38This is going to be the address that I

7:40use for this virtual machine.

7:41But very, very likely, you're going

7:43to have a different IP address depending

7:46on your VMware adapter subnet.

7:50My VMware adapter subnet 192.168.4.0/24,

7:54hence why the eve machine has a host address within this range.

7:58So again, if I log in to the machine,

8:00I will say root as the login.

8:02And the password again is eve.

8:05Hit Enter.

8:06So I've now logged in to the machine.

8:07What I now want to do is to browse to that IP address

8:10in my web browser.

8:12So I will type 192.168.4.58, which is my IP address.

8:17If I hit Enter, this is going to take me

8:19to the sign-in page for the EVE-NG virtual machine.

8:23So now the username here is no longer root.

8:27The username to log in to the web page

8:29here is actually admin.

8:31But the password is still eve--

8:33so E-V-E. Then if I sign in, I will just say don't save.

8:37If I click Add new Lab here, I'll just give it a name.

8:41Let's just call this lab1.

8:42And then save.

8:44Suddenly, we now have this interface for EVE-NG

8:48where we can actually build a network topologies.

8:52But before we actually build on network topologies,

8:54we need to have particular images, these virtual images,

8:58of the network operating systems that we want to use.

9:01So how are we going to get these virtual images?

9:03Well, that's what we're talking about in the very next Nugget.

9:06So I hope this has been informative for you,

9:08and I'd like to thank you for viewing.

0:00[AUDIO LOGO]

0:12Hey, everyone, and welcome back.

0:14Now, in the previous Nugget, we set up VMware.

0:17And within VMware, we created an EVE-NG virtual machine.

0:22Now that virtual machine is up and running right now.

0:25However, we do need to load in particular virtual images

0:29so that we can create our virtual network topologies.

0:33So the first thing that I want to do

0:34is to try to download these Juniper images.

0:38So if you happen to search for Juniper download,

0:41this top link right here should take you

0:43to where we want to go.

0:44Now the very first thing that you're going to have to do

0:47is to create a user account.

0:49So what you should do here is go to Accounts.

0:52If you have not already got an account,

0:54select User Registration.

0:56And from this point on, you're going

0:57to have to type in your email address, whatever it may be.

1:01So type in our email address you happen to have.

1:03This is not actually my email address, but you get the draft.

1:06Type in whatever yours happens to be.

1:08And then just re-enter the email address.

1:11If you click Submit, you are going

1:13to get an email sent to that particular email address.

1:17And within that email, you're going

1:19to have to click a particular link.

1:21Now once you happen to collect the link within this email,

1:24you're going to be presented with this particular page.

1:27And you can begin filling out these forms.

1:30So my country right here would be in the United Kingdom.

1:33I would select this.

1:34Now if you happen to have access to a real Juniper device, one

1:38that you have bought, then what you can actually do

1:41is use the product serial number from that device,

1:44and that can get you access to download the particular images.

1:48If you do not have a Juniper device, what you could do

1:50is request evaluation user access.

1:53Well, it's basically going to give you access

1:55to Juniper images for a 60-day evaluation trial.

1:59So whichever one you happen to choose you can do that.

2:02In this case here, I will just say evaluation user.

2:05I will select that I am not a robot and then choose Next.

2:08Now the reality is after you do such a thing that is

2:12a little bit of a waiting game.

2:13You're going to have to wait for Juniper

2:15support to respond to you and ultimately authorized

2:19the creation of your account and the ability for you

2:22to be able to access these images.

2:23Now once you have access to these particular images,

2:26all you want to do is to search for EVE-NG Juniper

2:30and say, for example, click this link here for the vMX.

2:33And all you want to do is to walk

2:35through all of these instructions

2:37exactly as they are detailed on the EVE-NG machine.

2:41This is going to allow you to copy those images

2:43into the EVE-NG machine, and you will then have access

2:47to these particular devices.

2:49If you scroll on down, we can see the process for vMX.

2:53Although, else you can have the vQFX, all the instructions

2:56you need.

2:56We can see the Juniper firewalls here also.

2:59Again, click this.

3:00Follow all of the instructions.

3:02So once you have that done, you should

3:04have access to Juniper devices within EVE-NG.

3:07The next thing we have to look at

3:08is how we can actually begin building our development

3:11environment to be able to begin automating these devices.

3:15And well, that's what we're talking

3:16about in the very next Nugget.

3:18So I hope this has been informative for you,

3:19and I'd like to thank you for viewing.

0:00[AUDIO LOGO]

0:12Hey, everyone, and welcome back.

0:14So previously, we learned how we could spin up

0:17EVE-NG within VMware.

0:20And we also talked about adding particular network images

0:24to that VM.

0:25So we have the possibility to virtualize network topologies.

0:29Now what we want to focus in on is our network automation

0:34control node.

0:35This is going to be the node in the network that

0:38connects to all the devices that we're trying to manage.

0:41And this node is going to be equipped

0:43with all of the development tools

0:45that we need to write and manage our automation system.

0:48Now, just to be clear, you can absolutely

0:51develop on many different platforms.

0:53You can develop on Windows.

0:55You can develop on Mac.

0:56But I really would have to recommend

0:58that you look at a Linux solution, because so much

1:02of the open-source technology aimed

1:04towards network automation has been

1:07designed with Linux in mind.

1:08That's just going to make everything

1:10a much smoother experience.

1:12So for that reason, I'm going to suggest that you also

1:15create a new virtual machine within VMware of a Linux

1:20instance.

1:20Now, my recommendation happens to be Ubuntu because Ubuntu

1:25is very user friendly.

1:27It's very well maintained.

1:28And it is very, very stable.

1:31So with that said, how about we walk through the installation

1:34of Ubuntu?

1:35So if you happen to search for Ubuntu, what we're going to do

1:39is to click this top link right here.

1:41And we will just accept all.

1:43So what I'm going to do is to go to the Download option here.

1:46And to make things as easy as possible to manage,

1:50we will elect to download an Ubuntu Desktop.

1:52So let's click this right here.

1:54Now, we have different options available with Ubuntu.

1:57We can download the latest release.

1:59But the one I'm going to suggest to you

2:01is one with long-term support.

2:04So you should see LTS next to whatever version you download.

2:07And of course, if you're watching this and the future,

2:10the actual version number here may very well

2:12be completely different by that point.

2:14But like I say, go for the LTS.

2:16That is going to be the stable version.

2:18So what I will do here is choose Download.

2:20So like I say, this should begin downloading this ISO image.

2:24And once that is done, we can begin installing

2:28this image using VMware.

2:30OK, so now that I have downloaded

2:32this ISO image, what I now want to do is to go back to VMware.

2:37And this time, I'm going to choose Create a New Virtual

2:40Machine-- so a little bit different this time.

2:42Then I'm going to choose the installer disk, the ISO file.

2:46So I'm just going to browse to the location

2:48where this ISO image happens to be saved.

2:50So I will go into this directory,

2:52where I have saved this file.

2:54Let's open this up.

2:55And as we can see here, VMware has

2:57detected the particular operating system.

3:00And it's going to go through an easy install, which just makes

3:03our life much, much easier.

3:05So I'll just say Next.

3:06Now, I'll give the full name ipvzero.

3:09I'll have the username also as ipvzero.

3:12I will create a password for this particular machine.

3:15And I will then say Next.

3:17I'll give the machine a name.

3:18Let's just call this Ubuntu.

3:20You can change the location of where

3:22you want to save this machine.

3:23Again, I will leave it and the default directory.

3:26Let's choose Next.

3:27And now we have to specify the hard disk capacity.

3:30How big do you want this machine to be?

3:32I will just have it at 20 gig.

3:34And say Next.

3:36And I will then say Finish.

3:38I will then go on to the Customize Hardware.

3:41And I will also make the network adapter the same configuration

3:45that I have for EVE-NG.

3:46So I'll select a bridge.

3:48Then I'll choose Close.

3:49We can see the setting has changed.

3:51And then Finish.

3:53So now the VM is going to boot up.

3:55And we'll just have to be patient and do some waiting

3:57here.

3:58Now we're going to have to walk through

4:00some basic configuration, selecting your keyboard layout.

4:02In my case, I am in the United Kingdom.

4:05So I will select English UK.

4:07And then I will choose Continue.

4:09But of course, choose the settings

4:11that are applicable to you.

4:12And I will just go for a normal installation.

4:15Click Continue.

4:16I will say Erase disk and install Ubuntu.

4:19And click Install Now.

4:20I will say Continue.

4:21Now I'll select my location.

4:23I happen to be in the UK for my timezone.

4:26Then click Continue.

4:27Now I'll specify my name.

4:29So I will say ipvzero, if I can type that correctly,

4:32and the computer name.

4:33I'll just leave it as ipvzero.

4:36Same for the username.

4:37And I will choose my password.

4:38OK, so now I will click Continue.

4:40So this may take a few minutes, depending

4:43on how fast your computer is.

4:44Again, just be patient.

4:46So now the installation is complete.

4:48What we're going to do is to click Restart Now

4:51to restart the virtual machine.

4:53So the VM will restart.

4:55Just give it a moment to do so.

4:57So now I will click on my username and type

4:59in my password that I created.

5:01And hit Enter.

5:02And now I will click this bottom left right here.

5:05I will type in terminal.

5:07So if I do ip addr, it's going to show me all my IP address

5:11information.

5:12If I do that and pipe for 192, that

5:16will filter just for the line 192.

5:18And we can actually see my internet address is within

5:22the same subnet as my EVE-NG machine--

5:26192.168.4.0.

5:28And that has a /22 mask.

5:30Actually, I believe I said /24 in a previous Nugget.

5:33But again, it doesn't actually matter.

5:35They are on the same network.

5:37That means if I happen to boot up my EVE-NG machine,

5:42I will be able to ping between my Ubuntu machine here

5:46and the EVE-NG topology, because again,

5:48they're on the same network.

5:50And lastly, I just want to ping 8.8.8.8

5:54to make sure I have internet connectivity, which I do.

5:57So now we have our Ubuntu machine up and running.

6:00It's on the same subnet as our EVE-NG virtual machine.

6:03What we now want to do is to begin constructing

6:06our development environment.

6:07And well, that's what we're doing in the very next Nugget.

6:10So I hope this has been informative for you,

6:12and I'd like to thank you for viewing.

0:00[AUDIO LOGO]

0:12Hey, everyone, and welcome back.

0:14Now, in the previous Nugget, we walked

0:16through how we could install Ubuntu, which is a Linux

0:20virtual machine, into VMware.

0:22Now that we have access to this Linux environment,

0:25we want to use it as our development environment

0:28where we will write and edit our code, manage configuration

0:32files, and more.

0:34Now, we can actually develop directly

0:36within this virtual machine itself.

0:39But what we want to do is we want to install an integrated

0:43development environment.

0:45This is really just an environment

0:47which is going to make the development process much, much

0:50easier, providing new tools and applications to simplify

0:53and streamline so much of the programming practices

0:57that we are going to be using.

0:58So what I'm going to do is I'm going to elect

1:01to download a very popular IDE.

1:03And that is Visual Studio Code.

1:06Now, Visual Studio Code was developed by Microsoft.

1:10But don't think you can only use this on Windows machines.

1:13Indeed, you can also use this on Mac as well as on Linux.

1:18So what I'm going to do is I'm going

1:19to go and open up my browser.

1:21And I'm going to search for vs code.

1:24So if I click this link here--

1:26and let me just full-screen this.

1:27Now, depending on the platform which you're using,

1:30you want to download whatever version suits your needs.

1:33So right now in this example here,

1:35I happen to be utilizing a Windows machine.

1:38So because of that, I'm going to select the Windows download.

1:41So let me just click this link right here.

1:43We can see the executable package is downloading.

1:46OK, so once that has downloaded, let's just click this link here

1:50to begin the installation.

1:52And let me just minimize this page here and minimize this.

1:56So you want to read the terms, of course.

1:58Never skip that part.

2:00And we want to accept the agreement.

2:02So click Next.

2:03Now we want to specify whereabouts are we going

2:05to install Visual Studio Code.

2:07So I will just choose Next.

2:09And again Next.

2:10Now, if you want to do things such as create a desktop icon,

2:13you can do so.

2:14But for now, I'll just leave things

2:15as they are and choose Next.

2:17And then finally, I will select Install.

2:20So now the installation is going to happen.

2:22Just give this a little moment.

2:24Perfect.

2:25So I'm going to make sure Launch Visual Studio Code is ticked.

2:28And then click Finish.

2:30Now, VS Code is automatically remembering

2:33some of my settings.

2:35So my output might look a little bit different than yours.

2:38But don't worry about that.

2:39What we now want to do is to begin

2:41to install some extensions.

2:43These extensions are going to provide

2:46to you additional functionality to make our lives easier.

2:49So what I'm going to do is I'm going to go to File.

2:52And then I will go to Preferences.

2:55And then I will go up to extensions.

2:57We can see here, I already have a bunch of extensions

3:01which VS Code is remembering.

3:02And the first one here that I want to suggest to you

3:05is this one here--

3:06Remote SSH.

3:07So just search this in the search bar.

3:09Click Remote SSH.

3:11Now, as it transpires, mine is already installed.

3:13Let me just temporarily uninstall it.

3:16So this is pretty much how it shall appear to you.

3:18You will have this button to install

3:20this particular extension.

3:22And if you do so, by clicking it, it will install.

3:25And now Remote SSH has been downloaded.

3:29So here is the deal.

3:30With Remote SSH, it means that I can open up Visual Studio

3:35Code within my regular Windows environment,

3:39or whatever I happen to be.

3:41And I can remotely log in to this Ubuntu server.

3:45And I can use Visual Studio Code with all of my extensions

3:49that I have installed in my system

3:51and have those available within that Linux Ubuntu

3:55virtual machine.

3:56Now, before we can actually utilize this extension,

3:58we're going to have to install the SSH server daemon

4:02within our virtual machine.

4:04So check this out.

4:05We'll go back to the VM.

4:06Let me just type clear to clear the screen.

4:09I'm going to take the command sudo apt update, and hit Enter.

4:13I will type in my administrator password.

4:16So just give us a moment.

4:18Perfect.

4:18And now I'm going to say sudo apt install openssh-server.

4:25And then Enter.

4:26Again, I will say y.

4:28Hit Enter again.

4:29And this will began installing the OpenSSH server.

4:32So this server here is going to be capable of accepting

4:36SSH requests.

4:37So now we have SSH installed.

4:39Let's go back to VS Code.

4:41And what I'm going to do is I'm going to hold the Function key

4:44and press F1.

4:46Now, this is going to show me a list of things which I can use.

4:49At the very top, we can say Remote SSH

4:51because I happen to have recently used this

4:53in a previous installation.

4:55But if you can't find it, just begin typing remote,

4:58and then I will do a colon and then begin typing connect.

5:02And we can see this option here--

5:03Remote SSH, Connect to Host.

5:05This is the one we want.

5:07So I will select this.

5:08Now what I have to do is to type in the IP

5:10address of the target.

5:11Now, if we go back and I type in ip addr,

5:16I can actually see my IP address here as 192.168.4.59

5:21on the server.

5:22So let's type in that address here.

5:23I'll say 192.168.4.49.

5:27Hit Enter.

5:28A new window is going to open up, as we can see.

5:30Let's minimize this.

5:31It's now asking me to identify the platform of this host.

5:35It's going to be a Linux machine.

5:36And now it's telling me the SSH fingerprint.

5:39So do I want to continue?

5:40I will say, yes, Continue.

5:42And now I have to type in the password

5:45for this particular VM.

5:46And actually, before I do anything,

5:48I've just noticed a little problem.

5:50Notice what it's actually trying to log in with.

5:52It's trying to log in with my VS Code credentials.

5:56That is johnm.

5:57See that johnm?

5:58This is not what we actually want,

6:00because the user name johnm doesn't actually

6:03exist on my virtual machine.

6:05So that's a little gotcha.

6:06So in fact, what I will do is I will

6:08press Escape to cancel this.

6:10I will say Close Remote.

6:11And we'll go back again.

6:12So I'll press function F1 again.

6:15And I will say Connect to Host.

6:16Now, what I'm going to say here is

6:18I'm going to say ssh ipvzero because that

6:22is the username that is on the device.

6:25And now I will type in the address 4.59.

6:28If I hit Enter now, it's going to open up this connection.

6:31Let's full-screen this one.

6:33We can now see the prompt as ipvzero,

6:36which is exactly what we want.

6:38Now I'll type in the ipvzero password

6:41that I created on the Linux machine.

6:42Hit Enter.

6:43And now we should be logged in to that server.

6:46So if I click Terminal here and select New Terminal,

6:49notice here we actually are in the Linux machine.

6:53So if I just minimize this and pull this up,

6:55we actually have a command line directly within this box.

6:59So if I did maybe, say, mkdir and said TESTFOLDER,

7:03if I minimize this VS Code and I go back to my virtual machine--

7:07let's clear this and do an ls--

7:09look at this.

7:10The TESTFOLDER has been created within the virtual machine

7:13directly from my Windows machine using VS Code.

7:16So that means if I happen to create a new file-- let's

7:19call this one file.txt.

7:21Do an ls.

7:22We now have this file.

7:24If I then go to File here and then Open File, check this out.

7:28If I scroll on down, I can see that file within the options.

7:31Select it.

7:32And then I can choose Open.

7:35So if I want to write some particular code

7:37or just maybe modify a configuration file,

7:40I can now do it within the VS Code editor.

7:43And all the changes I make, such as "Some changes"--

7:46and I will just save the file.

7:48If I now go back, do an ls on the machine,

7:51and I cat the file to open it, notice anything

7:54I take within editor appears within the VM.

7:57So now that we have VS Code up and running, what we want to do

8:00is to ensure that we have Python installed within the system.

8:04Now, within our installation, Python

8:06should already be installed.

8:08We can check this by saying, python3 --version.

8:11And notice we can do this directly

8:13within VS Code, of course.

8:14And if we hit Enter, we can see that we already

8:16have Python installed.

8:18Indeed, we have Python version 3.10.

8:21And with Python being installed, what I now want to do

8:24it is to go to File, Preferences, and Extensions

8:26again.

8:27And this time, within the extension,

8:29I'm going to search for Python.

8:30And we can see this option here.

8:32Let's click this-- Python.

8:33This is going to give us IntelliSense, meaning

8:36that any Python files we happen to edit and modify,

8:39we're going to get things such as autocompletion

8:42and suggestions.

8:43So notice here, it says, Install in SSH

8:46plus the IP address of the target.

8:48This is where I want to install the Python extension.

8:51So if I just click this here, just give it a moment,

8:53and now the extension has been installed.

8:56So what I can do here is just close this over.

8:59And if I create a file called maybe testfile.py and I open

9:03this up, VS Code is going to notice the .PY extension

9:07and deduce that this is a Python file.

9:09And when I begin typing, we're going

9:11to get autocompletion plus all these different suggestions.

9:14So let's maybe say, from.

9:15And look at this.

9:16See all these Python suggestions?

9:18And if I say, j, we can see all the other suggestions--

9:21S-O-N. And whenever I get a suggestion I like,

9:24I can just press Tab to complete that suggestion.

9:27So this, like I say, is going to make

9:29the development of our Python programs much, much easier

9:32than just trying to develop in a regular text editor.

9:36So that is the basic setup of our development environment.

9:39Indeed, we are going to be adding to this environment

9:42continually as we progress throughout this course.

9:45But for now, those are the basics

9:47that we need to have to get up and running.

9:49So I hope this has been informative for you,

9:50and I'd like to thank you for viewing.

0:00[MUSIC PLAYING]

0:12Hey, everyone and welcome back.

0:14So now what I want to do is I want

0:16to walk you through the basic setup for our Juniper lab.

0:20Now that we have EVE-NG up and running with our Ubuntu system

0:24and we now should have our Juniper devices accessible

0:27to us.

0:28So what I'm going to do here is I'm going to right click.

0:31And I'm going to select nodes.

0:33Now if I happen to search for vMX,

0:35I'm actually going to see here two different devices.

0:39Now that actually ties in to how Juniper operating systems work.

0:43So depending on the type of image that you have,

0:46if you happen to have an older image,

0:49then you will be dealing with just one device.

0:53However, in more recent releases of Junos,

0:56the device is actually subdivided

0:58into two separate devices.

1:00We have this VCP and the VFP.

1:05Now the VCP is all about the control plane.

1:09This is effectively the reporting engine.

1:12This is a device that is responsible

1:14for your routing protocol, configurations, your IP address

1:17configurations, all the type of config that you would put

1:21in to your device is going to be entered into the written

1:24configuration.

1:25The actual forwarding of the packets

1:28is going to go through the VFP.

1:30So the actual configuration, if you're

1:32coming from maybe say a Cisco world,

1:35might be a little bit confusing to you first.

1:38But rest assured if you happen to have one of these newer

1:41devices, we are going to have to add both devices

1:44and connect them together.

1:46So that they eventually act like one big block.

1:49So I will select VCP first.

1:52And I will go down and click Save.

1:54Here is my routing engine.

1:57Now I'm going to connect the VFP, the forwarding device.

2:01This is going to have 12 ethernets, as we can see here.

2:04And I'm going to click Save.

2:06Now these devices have to be connected to one another.

2:10So all I'm going to do is I'm going to hover

2:12my mouse over the device.

2:14And I'm going to drag and pull this little link into the next.

2:17Now the interfaces that we actually

2:19want to connect these devices with as the one which says

2:23int, you see this one here? em1/int,

2:27the int has the internal connection for the device.

2:31So, again, int to int, we see here.

2:35If I say Save, these two devices are now

2:38connected via an internal components.

2:40And effectively, they just aren't legal one device,

2:44if you so wish.

2:45But we're going to have two separate this out.

2:47Now like I say, our configurations

2:49are going to be targeted on the routing engine itself.

2:53Yeah, that's the thing.

2:54We don't just want to connect to any old interface

2:57within this device.

2:58Instead we want to configure what is called a management

3:02interface.

3:03So realistically what we're talking about here

3:05is out of band management.

3:07And this is a very basic concept within network automation.

3:11The reality is we don't want to be connecting

3:13on an interface that is participating

3:16in our general networking.

3:18So let's imagine we have a device here and a device here

3:22and let's maybe say a device here.

3:24OK, so they're all connected to each other.

3:28Now if we happen to be managing this device from way over here

3:31and I connect into one of my devices.

3:35And let's say I wanted to from this vantage point

3:38manage this device up here.

3:41Well, if I actually traverse the network,

3:43I can actually reach this device here.

3:46However, if I happen to push out some automated change,

3:49maybe the configurations on this device

3:52somehow breaks the connection between this device here.

3:55Now think about it, if this device here goes down,

3:58I can no longer access this device or this device.

4:02I'm effectively locked out of absolutely everything.

4:05And that could be the result of a configuration change

4:08that we're making to our network.

4:09Instead, what we want to have is a direct connection to all

4:13of our devices within the network on a subnet

4:16that is not actually participating actively

4:19within the network.

4:20It's going to be within what is called its own VRF.

4:23That is its own virtual routing table.

4:26So it's not actually going to affect anything

4:28within the network itself.

4:30Now, depending on the image that you happen to have,

4:33you may happen to have different management interfaces.

4:37In my case here with the images I am using, let me show you

4:40the interface that I'm going to use.

4:42Now one thing to note as well is that to actually connect

4:46N to this topology, I'm going to right click

4:49and I'm going to select a network.

4:51Now the network type here is going

4:52to be a Management Cloud zero.

4:54And if I click Save, this little cloud here--

4:57and let me just Zoom in a little bit-- this little cloud here,

4:59you can imagine this as a gateway out

5:02of the virtual machine to my regular network.

5:04So from this vantage point, I can connect

5:07into my EVE-NG topology.

5:08So that means I could use my VS codes from my Ubuntu

5:12to server and talk to the devices within this topology.

5:15Now in order for that to happen, I'm

5:17going to have to connect that end to the node

5:19that I want to manage.

5:20I'll just drag this here into the routing engine.

5:23Now, see this interface here, em0/fxp0,

5:28this is the management interface for this particular device.

5:33So it's going to be its own separate management interface.

5:35It's not going to be participating

5:37in the actual networking when I'm connecting

5:39to other devices in the topology,

5:41this interface is just to connect to the management

5:45station alone.

5:46So that it can be managed remotely.

5:47But if I click Save here, I have now got my Juniper device.

5:52Like I said, it's two devices joined together

5:54as a one device.

5:56And this logical one device is connected to the monitoring

6:01cloud, which effectively allows me to reach in from VS Code

6:05and talk to this particular device here.

6:08But before I do such a thing, I'm

6:11going to have to run through some basic configurations.

6:13So what I'm going to do first is I'm

6:15going to go to More Actions, and I will start all nodes.

6:19That is going to start up these devices.

6:21And depending on how powerful your machine happens to be,

6:25this may take five minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes.

6:28Sometimes these devices can be pretty heavy weight

6:31and take a little bit of time to start up.

6:33So what I'm going to do is I'm going to pause the video

6:35and come back when the device is running.

6:38So what I will do in the meantime

6:39is I will just click on the routing engine, which

6:42should open up a terminal to that device.

6:44And as we can see here, the device is still booting up.

6:47OK.

6:47So after what felt like an eternity,

6:49the device has finally booted up.

6:52And the first thing I'm going to do

6:53is I'm going to log in as the root user.

6:56Now what I want to do is I want to go into the Junos CLI.

6:59And I'm going to type CLI.

7:01Now you will notice right now that a lot of stuff

7:04is going to begin flying up on my screen.

7:06We're going to have this auto image, DHCP client request,

7:10as well as a whole bunch of syslog messages

7:13as we can see right there.

7:14Now this can be quite challenging

7:16because they really interrupt you

7:18as you try to navigate the CLI.

7:21If you want to turn these features off right now,

7:24the very first thing that I'm going to have to do

7:26is I'm going to have to set a route authentication password.

7:30And then after that, I'm going to be

7:32able to commit some changes to the system, changes

7:36which can stop this behavior.

7:37Now because of this continual flood of data

7:40going down my screen just to make it a little bit easier

7:43to see what I'm actually typing, I'm

7:45going to type it into Notepad and then I'll paste it in.

7:47So the first thing I will do is I go into Edit mode here.

7:50And once I'm in Edit mode.

7:51I'm going to take this particular command.

7:53So I'm going to say set system--

7:55but let me just Zoom in a little bit--

7:56set system root-authentication plain-text password.

8:04Now plaintext password is a bit of a misnomer

8:07because Junos is actually going to encrypt this password.

8:10But nevertheless, this is what we'll do.

8:12And then after this, we're going to be prompted

8:14to type in or password.

8:16And the password I'm going to use

8:17is going to be Juniper one with a capital J.

8:20The first thing I will do here is I will copy this command.

8:23Go to the command line.

8:24I'll paste it in.

8:25Hit Enter.

8:26Type in the password, Juniper1 and I'll confirm it.

8:29OK.

8:30So right now, we have the authentication password.

8:33But as we can see, the terminal is still

8:35being interrupted with these particular messages.

8:38So the next command that I am going to configure,

8:41it's going to be delete chassis auto-image-upgrades.

8:47That should stop the DHCP requests,

8:49then I'll have this right here.

8:51And I will commit to the change.

8:52Committing the change is a really just saving the change.

8:55So that it actually takes effect in the configuration.

8:58We'll get to see much more of this

9:00when we talk about actually automating our networks.

9:02Now the next command I'm going to see

9:04is going to be deactivate system syslog user and then start.

9:10I will copy this here and I'll paste it in.

9:13And then commit this.

9:15OK.

9:15Great.

9:16So now what we want to do is we want to create a user accounts,

9:19set up SSH, and do some basic IP addressing.

9:23So like I say, if we happen to go to the topology here,

9:26the interface that I'm going to modify

9:28is going to be this one here, the fxp0.

9:31And depending on the image you happen to have,

9:33this management interface may be a little bit different.

9:36But for me it's going to be this.

9:38Now the first thing I will do here

9:40is whilst I'm in edit mode, if I take the command show,

9:43it's actually going to show me all of my configurations

9:46right now.

9:47And if we happen to go down to interfaces,

9:49we see that the management interface fxp0 actually

9:53is configured for DHCP.

9:55So before we actually give this interface a particular IP

9:59address, we want to remove this DHCP configuration.

10:03So that is something we're going to have to address.

10:06Now just before that, let's begin setting up

10:08these user credentials.

10:09OK.

10:10So whilst I'm in edit mode, I'm going to say edit system login.

10:15And now I'm going to set a user.

10:17So I'll say set user.

10:18And I'll give the user name John.

10:20And the class of the user, this is basically

10:23going to denote my privilege levels.

10:25And I'm going to say superuser which

10:27is basically admin rights.

10:28And then I'm going to say set user John full-name.

10:32And I'll just do the full name as John McGovern.

10:36And hit Enter.

10:37I'll then say set user John authentication

10:41plain-text-password, we'll just do Juniper1 again

10:45with the capital J. And then I will commit to these changes.

10:49So let's to go back to the root of the tree.

10:52I'm going to say top that takes me from edit system log in back

10:55to edit mode.

10:57Now what I'm going to do is I'm going

10:58to say set system services SSH to configure SSH

11:05and I will come at this.

11:06Now we're going to generate some SSH keys.

11:08There we go.

11:09Now what I'm going to do is I'm going

11:10to configure that interface.

11:12But remember like I say, if I do show interfaces,

11:16we can see here we have DHCP configured.

11:18So what I'm going to do is I'm going

11:20to go into this particular interface

11:22by saying edit interfaces fxp0 and hit Enter.

11:28And I'm just going to say delete unit 0 family inet dhcp

11:34and then commit these.

11:36So now if I say sure we no longer

11:38have any configurations within the fxp0.

11:41What I'm now going to do is I'm going to set the management

11:44IP address, the out-of-band address.

11:47Now as it transpires, as we know,

11:48my particular subnets for my VMware adapter is 192.168.0/22.

11:56So I want to use an address within this particular range

12:00just to make things a little bit easier for me.

12:02So what I'm going to do here is I'm

12:03going to say set unit 0, which has the logical units.

12:07I will say family inet and the address here

12:11is going to be 192.168.4.

12:14and let's maybe say, oh, I don't know, 123.

12:19And we'll do it with a /22 mask.

12:21And I'm going to commit these changes.

12:24So now if I go back to the top of the tree,

12:27I'll exit back out to go into operational mode.

12:30Now I'll try to ping this interface

12:32by saying ping 192.168.4.123.

12:36And we can ping this interface from our device.

12:39Now what we want to do is to go to our VS Code

12:42and try to ping this interface because again, we

12:44should be able to reach VS Code via the management close

12:48interface.

12:49So I open up VS Code.

12:51Once again, I will say ping 192.168.4.123.

12:56And we can see we can actually ping this device.

12:58Let's stop this.

12:59And lastly, what I want to do is to check

13:02that I have SSH connectivity.

13:04So we'll see SSH and the user name I created was John.

13:07And I'm going to give the address 192.168.4.123 and hit

13:13Enter.

13:13I'm going to say yes to accept the key.

13:16And now I'm going to type in the password Juniper1

13:19with a capital J.

13:20If I hit Enter, now we can see here

13:22we have remote access to our Juniper device

13:26whereby we can edit and as you show

13:28commands, whatever it may be.

13:29And because we now have SSH connectivity to our devices,

13:34we are able to utilize particular Python libraries

13:38to automate these devices.

13:40That really is all for the basic setup of our Juniper network

13:44automation.

13:45What comes next and the upcoming skills

13:47really is the good stuff.

13:49That is going to be all about writing scripts,

13:51changing configurations, pulling show commands, editing

13:54configuration files, all of that and more

13:57will certainly be covered.

13:58For now, that is for our introduction

14:01into Juniper network automation.

14:03I hope this has been informative for you.

14:04And I'd like to thank you for viewing.